Dynamics of soil water-extractable organic C following application of dairy cattle manures

Abstract

. 2006. Dynamics of soil water-extractable organic C following application of dairy cattle manures. Can. J. Soil Sci. 86: 851-858. Water-extractable organic C (WEOC) is a determinant driver of several soil and environmental processes, and can be influenced by management practices such as organic amendment. Our objective was to study the dynamics of soil WEOC following application of liquid and solid dairy cattle manures to a loamy and a clay soil under field conditions. Manures were applied in 2 consecutive years to silage corn fields at rates equivalent to 150 kg total N ha -1 . Soil WEOC was monitored the day after application and weekly or biweekly thereafter in manured and control (mineral fertilizers) plots. Liquid and solid manures brought on average 39 and 13 g WEOC m -2 , respectively. These amounts are much larger than the increases measured in soil WEOC during the hours and days following manure application (0 to 30 mg kg -1 , equivalent to 0 to 3 g m -2 ). Moreover, manure addition had little effects in the 10-to 30-cm soil layer. The rapid and extensive adsorption of manure WEOC onto mineral surfaces likely explains the limited effects of manure on soil WEOC. This adsorption process was presumably exacerbated by the mixing of manure and soil resulting from the tillage operation. Soil temperature and respiration appeared to have determinant influence on the level of soil WEOC content in the post-harvest period. Overall, temporal variations in soil WEOC contents were large and generally greater than the fluctuations directly attributable to manure addition.Key words: Soil organic C, extractable C, dairy manure, silage corn Angers, D. A., Chantigny, M. H., Rochette, P. et Gagnon, B. 2006. Évolution de la teneur en C organique extractible à l'eau suivant l'application de fumiers de bovin. Can. J. Soil Sci. 86: 851-858. Le C organique extractible à l'eau (COEE) participe à de nombreux processus pédologiques et environnementaux. Les pratiques de gestion, dont l'application au sol d'amendements organiques, peuvent avoir un effet sur le COEE. Cette étude vise à étudier l'évolution temporelle du COEE à la suite de l'application de fumier de bovin sous forme liquide ou solide sur deux sols (loameux et argileux) en conditions de plein champ. Les fumiers ont été appliqués à un taux équivalent à 150 kg N total ha -1 pendant deux années consécutives sur des parcelles cultivées en maïs à ensilage. Un traitement fertilisé avec un engrais minéral au même taux a servi de témoin. La teneur du sol en COEE a été mesurée dès le jour suivant l'application et de façon hebdomadaire et bimensuelle par la suite. Les quantités de COEE apportées au sol étaient de 39 g m -2 pour le fumier liquide et de 13 g m -2 pour le fumier solide. Ces quantités sont beaucoup plus grandes que les augmentations mesurées de teneur en COEE du sol au cours des heures et jours suivant l'application des fumiers (0 à 30 mg kg -1 , correspondant à 0 à 3 g m -2 ). De plus, l'application des fumiers n'a eu que peu d'effet sur les teneurs en COEE dans la...

Dissolved Organic Carbon in Runoff and Tile‐Drain Water under Corn and Forage Fertilized with Hog Manure

“…Those results are in disagreement with many studies where concentrations of water‐extractable organic C were found to be greater when animal manure was applied to the soil (Gregorich et al, 1998; Chantigny et al, 2002). By contrast, Angers et al (2006) reported a low increase in soil DOC concentration after liquid dairy cattle manure was applied. They argued that rototilling for incorporation favored the adsorption of manure‐soluble C to the mineral particles.…”

Soil soluble carbon dynamics of manured and unmanured grasslands following chemical kill and ploughing

“…It is difficult to speculate on the exact mechanisms to explain the immediacy of reduction in CWEOC, HWEOC and soil respiration after FIT. However, ploughing soils is a very specific action that involves (i) the placement of residues at depth with lower O 2 availability, which reduces the decomposition rate of organic matter and (ii), the increased contact of decomposing organic matter with newly exposed mineral surfaces, which likely favours the adsorption and retention of potentially soluble C (Angers et al, 2006;Hassink, 1997;Six et al, 2002;Stemmer et al, 1999).…”

“…This could simply be due to the decline in soil organic matter content following cultivation (Deluca and Keeney, 1993;Ghani et al, 2003). However, reductions may also be due to the improved contact of soluble C with unsaturated soil mineral surfaces following tillage (Angers et al, 2006). This contact is thought to stabilise C and to reduce its vulnerability to decomposition (Guggenberger and Kaiser, 2003;Stemmer et al, 1999).…”

Annual cycle of humic substances in a temperate estuarine system affected by agricultural practices

“…First, we considered the number of animals (poultry, pigs and cattle) living on the catchment area and the expected amount of waste material produced by these animals (Biomasse Normandie, 2002). Secondly, a literature survey on concentrations of water extractable organic carbon (WEOC) of various animal wastes, including cattle manure (CM), pig manure (PM) and poultry litter (PL), was conducted (Bernal et al, 1998;Huang et al, 2004;Zmora-Nahum et al, 2005;Angers et al, 2006;Aira et al, 2007;Gattinger et al, 2007;Guo et al, 2009; Table 3). Some discrepancies were found between studies, however, an average WEOC concentration of 12 mg g À1 for all manure types was retained as it is in accordance with most of the reports.…”

“…( C indicates composted manure). Note that 12 and 5 mg g À1 have been retained for WEOC values (fresh and composted manure, respectively) because they represent the means from the various cited studies (values from Angers et al (2006) and Guo et al (2009) …”