Dynamics of Soil Salt and Nitrogen and Maize Responses to Nitrogen Application in Hetao Irrigation District, China

Liu, Haijun; Li, Yán

doi:10.1007/s42729-021-00751-2

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…Maize is very sensitive to the water, salt, and nitrogen content in the root zone [27,33,54,[59][60][61][62]. Plastic mulching may maintain high soil water and nitrogen contents and reduce salt load in the upper 40 cm soil layer, which is very beneficial to maize growth [40,63].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The total fertilizer amount of surface irrigation and drip irrigation was the same. Based on previous studies [27], the optimal total amount of nitrogen fertilizer (N) applied was 250 kg•ha −1 , phosphorus fertilizer (P 2 O 5 ) was 150 kg•ha −1 , and potassium fertilizer (K 2 O) was 60 kg•ha −1 . All of the phosphate fertilizer, potassium fertilizer, and nitrogen fertilizer (N) of 59 kg•ha −1 were used as base fertilizer.…”

Section: Experimental Site Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hetao Irrigation District (HID), located in North China, is characterized by low precipitation (yearly mean ~105 mm) and high evaporation potential (mean yearly reference evapotranspiration ETo of 1095 mm) [26]. Traditional irrigation amounts of 600~900 mm water per year support the agricultural development in this arid region [27]. Due to the large irrigation amount and inefficient drainage system, salts in soil and groundwater are increasing.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Investigation of Salt and Nitrogen Distribution under Belt Plastic Film Mulching in Surface- and Drip-Irrigated Maize Field in Hetao Irrigation District

Liu,

Ju,

Shao

et al. 2023

Water

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Hetao Irrigation District (HID) is one of the main regions for maize and sunflower production in North China. However, water resource shortages and soil salinization greatly limit maize and sunflower production. The surface irrigation method is the main irrigation method in HID; however, now, the plastic mulching and drip irrigation area is increasing to reduce irrigation water and enhance crop yield. In this study, the soil water, salt, and nitrogen contents at the 0–100 cm soil layer under plastic mulching and non-mulching conditions with the surface irrigation—fertilizer broadcast practice and drip fertigation method were investigated at the maize elongation and maturation stages in the 2021 and 2022 seasons. The results show that the mulching practice and irrigation methods greatly influenced the soil salt and ionic nitrogen (NO3− and NH4+) distributions and, ultimately, the maize yield. Mulching reduced the soil salt content in the 0–20 cm soil layer by a mean of 35.7% under surface irrigation and by 18.6% under the drip irrigation condition. The NO3− content in the 0–20 cm soil layer with the drip fertigation system was approximately 8 times higher in mulching soil than that out of mulching. However under the surface irrigation condition, the NO3− content was 8–10 times lower under mulching than that out of mulching. The soil salt and NO3− contents were distributed uniformly at each soil layer deeper than a 40 cm depth, indicating minor effects of mulching. The soil NH4+ content decreased as the soil depth increased and distributed uniformly at each soil layer, indicating the insignificant influence of the mulching practice. As a result, the maize yield under the drip-mulching condition was approximately 11% (10.6~11.4%) higher than that under the surface-mulching condition in the two maize seasons. Given that surface irrigation is currently the primary irrigation method in the Hetao Irrigation District (HID), we have proposed three approaches aimed at enhancing maize production through the improvement of nitrogen levels in surface-mulching practices.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Experimental Site Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Investigation of Salt and Nitrogen Distribution under Belt Plastic Film Mulching in Surface- and Drip-Irrigated Maize Field in Hetao Irrigation District

Liu,

Ju,

Shao

et al. 2023

Water

Self Cite

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show abstract

“…On the other hand, some studies showed that improvements in maize yield varied regionally. For example, long-term trials have shown that in the arid region of the Loess Plateau of Northwest China, the application of N fertilizer alone increased maize yield by 10–40% compared with the control 29 ; and the addition of organic fertilizer increased maize yield by 1–3 times 30 ; On the North China Plain, the combination of organic fertilizer and chemical fertilizer increased maize yield by approximately sixfold compared with no fertilizer treatment 31 . The yield in Northeast China was similar to that in Northwest China under the same fertilizer application, but the demand for fertilizer was lower 32 , 33 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of different fertilization practices on maize yield, soil nutrients, soil moisture, and water use efficiency in northern China based on a meta-analysis

Jiang,

Dong,

Bian

et al. 2024

Sci Rep

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The application of fertilizer to ensure the steady improvement of crop yield has become the main means of agricultural production. However, it remains to be determined whether fertilization practices with different combinations of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), and organic (O) fertilizers play a positive role in the sustainability of maize yield and the soil in which it is grown. Therefore,this meta-analysis extracted 2663 data points from 76 studies to systematically analyze and explore the effects of different fertilization measures on maize yield, soil nutrients, water content and water use efficiency (WUE) in northern China. Articles addressing this topic showed that fertilization effectively increased the soil nutrient content and maize yield. The soil organic matter (SOM) increased by 2.36 (N)–55.38% (NPO), total nitrogen content increased by 6.10 (N)–56.39% (NPO), available phosphorus content increased by 17.12 (N)–474.74% (NPO), and available potassium content changed by − 2.90 (NP)–64.40% (NPO). Soil moisture increased by 3.59% under a single organic fertilizer application and decreased by 4.27–13.40% under the other treatments. Compared with no fertilization, the yield increase of fertilized maize reached 11.65–220.42%. NP, NPK and NPKO contributed the most to increased yield in lithological, black and fluvo-aquic soils, respectively. The effects of different fertilization practices on maize yield varied in response to the same meteorological factors. The WUE increased from 9.51 to 160.72%. In conclusion, rational fertilization can improve the soil nutrient content and increase maize yield. The combined application of chemical and organic fertilizer showed the greatest increase in yield and WUE. Organic fertilizer application alone increased soil moisture. Our results provide a theoretical basis for fertilizer application and for improving the soil structure for maize cultivation in northern China.

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“…Rational N application rate is beneficial for coordinating soil C/N ratio, improving soil organic C/N composition and other physicochemical properties, promoting crop and soil microbial growth, and increasing soil fertility and crop yield ( Zhang et al., 2017 ; Deng et al., 2020 ; Liu and Li, 2022 ). However, improper N application, especially excessive N application, is not conducive to harmonizing soil nutrient composition ( Qiu et al., 2016 ; Ren et al., 2019 ), reducing soil texture and greatly increasing nitrate residue, decreasing N use efficiency in farmlands ( Treseder, 2008 ; He et al., 2018 ; Zhang et al., 2018 ; Ren et al., 2019 ; Wu et al., 2021 ), and ultimately limiting crop growth and yield ( Yan et al., 2015 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of nitrogen application on winter wheat growth, water use, and yield under different shallow groundwater depths

She

Li²,

Qi³

et al. 2023

Front. Plant Sci.

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Shallow groundwater plays a vital role in physiology morphological attributes, water use, and yield production of winter wheat, but little is known of its interaction with nitrogen (N) application. We aimed to explore the effects of N fertilization rate and shallow groundwater table depth (WTD) on winter wheat growth attributes, yield, and water use. Experiments were carried out in micro-lysimeters at WTD of 0.6, 0.9, 1.2, and 1.5 m with 0, 150, 240, and 300 kg/ha N application levels for the winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). The results showed that there was an optimum groundwater table depth (Op-wtd), in which the growth attributes, groundwater consumption (GC), yield, and water use efficiency (WUE) under each N application rate were maximum, and the Op-wtd decreased with the increase in N application. The Op-wtd corresponding to the higher velocity of groundwater consumption (Gv) appeared at the late jointing stage, which was significantly higher than other WTD treatments under the same N fertilization. WTD significantly affected the Gv during the seeding to the regreening stage and maturity stage; the interaction of N application, WTD, and N application was significant from the jointing to the filling stage. The GC, leaf area index (LAI), and yield increased with an increase of N application at 0.6–0.9-m depth—for example, the yield and the WUE of the NF300 treatment with 0.6-m depth were significantly higher than those of the NF150–NF240 treatment at 20.51%, and 14.81%, respectively. At 1.2–1.5-m depth, the N application amount exceeding 150–240 kg/ha was not conducive to wheat growth, groundwater use, grain yield, and WUE. The yield and the WUE of 150-kg/ha treatment were 15.02% and 10.67% higher than those of 240–300-kg/ha treatment at 1.2-m depth significantly. The optimum N application rate corresponding to yield indicated a tendency to decrease with the WTD increase. Considering the winter wheat growth attributes, GC, yield, and WUE, application of 150–240 kg/ha N was recommended in our experiment.

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Dynamics of Soil Salt and Nitrogen and Maize Responses to Nitrogen Application in Hetao Irrigation District, China

Cited by 8 publications

References 49 publications

Investigation of Salt and Nitrogen Distribution under Belt Plastic Film Mulching in Surface- and Drip-Irrigated Maize Field in Hetao Irrigation District

Investigation of Salt and Nitrogen Distribution under Belt Plastic Film Mulching in Surface- and Drip-Irrigated Maize Field in Hetao Irrigation District

Effects of different fertilization practices on maize yield, soil nutrients, soil moisture, and water use efficiency in northern China based on a meta-analysis

Effects of nitrogen application on winter wheat growth, water use, and yield under different shallow groundwater depths

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