Dynamics and biological relevance of epigenetic N6-methyladenine DNA modification in eukaryotic cells

Differentiated oxidation modes of guanine between CpG and 5mCpG by a photoactivatable Pt(iv) anticancer prodrug

“…DNA methylation/demethylation, occur in many types of tumors, 1,2 which leads to the disturbances of expressions of many important genes. [3][4][5] DNA methylation, usually occurring in CpG dinucleotides at the 5-carbon on cytosine residues ( 5m C), is a highly conserved epigenetic covalent modification of DNA and shows high impacts on genome stability and expression. 6,7 The genomic regions with a high ratio of CpG dinucleotides are named CpG islands (CGIs) and the methylation of CGIs is critical in transcriptional regulation affecting many important genes like hMLH1, p16, BRCA1, etc.…”

Next-Generation Sequencing-Based Analysis of the Effects of N1- and N6-Methyldeoxyadenosine Adducts on DNA Transcription

“…Methylation of DNA nucleobases is generally unavoidable due to the abundant presence of endogenous and environmental methylating agents, and adenine is well known to be methylated at the N 1 and N 6 positions. ,− , Therefore, it is desirable to evaluate how the two methylated DNA adducts, that is, 1mdA and 6mdA, perturb the flow of genetic information during DNA transcription. In the present study, we showed that 1mdA constituted a strong block to DNA transcription mediated by T7 RNAP or hRNAP II in vitro and in human cells.…”

“…DNA methylation is one of the most common nucleic acid modifications that can occur naturally or be induced by many types of environmental and chemotherapeutic agents. , Methylation at the C5 position of cytosine is a well-characterized epigenetic mark, which plays pivotal roles in regulating the gene expression and affects cellular differentiation and development. , The N 1 position of adenine is also one of the major DNA methylation sites (Figure ), and the resulting methylated adenine adduct, that is, N 1 -methyldeoxyadenosine (1mdA), is readily formed after exposure of cells to methylating agents, such as methyl methanesulfonate and methylated halides. , In addition, N 6 -methyldeoxyadenosine (6mdA) is a naturally occurring modified DNA base that has been detected not only in prokaryotes and certain unicellular eukaryotes but also in a variety of multicellular eukaryotes including Caenorhabditis elegans, Drosophila, and mammals. − Emerging evidence has indicated that 6mdA methylation might act as a new epigenetic marker involved in the regulation of early embryonic development, stress response, and human diseases such as cancer and neurological diseases. ,− …”

Application of Electrophoresis in Single-Cell Analysis by Mass Spectrometry

“…Among the single-cell analysis methods, fluorescence detection methods are highly sensitive and can detect single molecules with dynamic tracking ability [4][5][6][7],…”