Dynamic Shear Behavior of a Needle-Punched Geosynthetic Clay Liner

Dry friction behaviour of a geosynthetic interface using inclined plane and shaking table tests

“…The inclined plane test results (Table 2) show that the interface friction strictly depends on the different kinematic conditions during the test, as already stated by different studies (Fox and Athanassopoulos, 2013;Nye and Fox, 2007;Myshkin et al, 2005). …”

State-of-the-art report: GCL shear strength and its measurement – ten-year update

“…Peak and residual shear strength envelopes are presented in Figure 18 and again are drawn only for R ¼ 1 mm/min and R max : Peak strength envelopes are slightly nonlinear Figure 16. Post-cyclic peak and residual static shear strengths for a hydrated W/NW NP GCL (Nye and Fox 2007) (concave down) and show dependence on displacement rate at higher normal stress levels. Large displacement strength envelopes show greater dependence on displacement rate at higher normal stress due to the effect of changing failure mode.…”

“…Monotonic shear Nye and Fox (2007) and Fox et al (2015) presented results from monotonic internal shear tests of a hydrated W/NW NP GCL conducted at four normal stress levels (ó n,s ¼ 141, 348, 692 and 1382 kPa) and seven displacement rates (R ¼ 0.1, 1, 10, 100, 1000, 10 000 mm/min and R max ). The maximum displacement rate (R max ) ranged from 30,000 mm/min at low normal stress to 25,000 mm/ min at high normal stress.…”

“…Cyclic loading can reduce the subsequent static shear strength for NP GCLs. Nye and Fox (2007) conducted six cyclic shear tests for ó n,s ¼ 141 kPa, f ¼ 1 Hz, and ä a ranging from 2 to 25 mm. After cyclic loading, each specimen was subjected to static shear with R ¼ 0.1 mm/ min.…”

Earthquake Geotechnical Engineering Design

“…Arab et al (2012) describe the development of a constitutive model for the internal in-plane stress-strain behavior of a hydrated GCL subject to cyclic loading. To capture the unusual shape of the back bone curve and the pre-peak hysteresis loops and the post-peak softening observed in uniform cyclic direct shear testing of a hydrated needlepunched GCL with two non-woven carrier geotextiles reported by Nye (2006) and Sura (2009), the multiple yield surface kinematic hardening isotropic softening plasticity model developed by Salah-Mars and Kavazanjian (1992) was employed. Multiple yield surface (MYS) kinematic hardening plasticity was first developed by Iwan (1967) and Mroz (1967).…”