Dynamic pyrolysis behaviors, products, and mechanisms of waste rubber and polyurethane bicycle tires

Tang, Xiaolin; Chen, Zihong; Liu, Jingyong; Chen, Zhiyun; Xie, Wei; Evrendilek, Fatih; Büyükada, Musa

doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.123516

Cited by 108 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 81 publications

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“…This can be seen from the TGA curve of SBR composite 43 . Figure 8 confirms that SBR/FOSM‐4 will produce alkanes (2941, 2869, 1498 cm −1 ), 44 alkenes (3069, 1604 cm −1 ), 43 aromatics (693 cm −1 ), 45 NH 3 (3304, 947 cm −1 ), 46 CO 2 (2302 cm −1 ), CO (2174 cm −1 , 2102 cm −1 ), 33 H 2 O (3735 cm −1 ) and other gaseous products during pyrolysis. As we all know, according to the Lambert–Beer law, 47 the absorption intensity of a functional group is proportional to the concentration of the gas product containing the functional group.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 60%

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Flame‐retardant behavior and mechanism of theSBR/MMTcomposites modified by melamine matrix modifier

Cheng

Xuan

Tang

et al. 2021

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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Melamine quaternary ammonium salt (MQAS), a novel flame‐retardant intercalation modifier, was used to prepare the flame‐retardant organic montmorillonite (FOSM), and which was added to SBR by a two‐roll mixing and molding process to prepared the SBR/FOSM composites. The synergistic flame‐retardant effects of sodium‐based montmorillonite (MMT) and MQAS were investigated by the various methods. The LOI value of SBR was only 19.1%, and FOSM‐4 increased the LOI value of SBR to 24.3%. The cone calorimetry test showed that compared with SBR, the total heat release and the peak heat release rate of SBR/FOSM were reduced by 81.39% and 86.08%, respectively. The analysis of MMT after modification showed that the grafting rate of MQAS was about 10% and the interlayer spacing of MMT was enlarged by about 20%. The synergy of MQAS and MMT not only effectively solves the violent droplet of pure SBR combustion, but also avoids the curling problem of only adding MMT. The char morphology and TG‐FTIR showed that FOSM had dual flame‐retardancy in the condensed phase and the gas phase. The synergistic flame‐retardant effect of phosphorus‐free flame‐retardant modifier and MMT will open up new possibilities for flame‐retardant elastomer composites.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 60%

“…However, the NH group in Figure 8 is very insignificant. It may be because the N content in SBR/FOSM‐4 is below the detection limit, and other functional groups interfere with the N detection 44 . It can be seen from Table 1 that the content of MQAS as N source in SBR/FOSM‐4 is low.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flame‐retardant behavior and mechanism of theSBR/MMTcomposites modified by melamine matrix modifier

Cheng

Xuan

Tang

et al. 2021

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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“…The yield of limonene followed the same trend; that is, the maximum yield was obtained in the pyrolysis of synthetic rubber. Similar results were obtained by Singh et al , in the pyrolysis of different automotive waste tires and by Tang and co-workers in the pyrolysis of waste rubber and polyurethane bicycle tires.…”

Section: Fast Pyrolysissupporting

confidence: 89%

Waste Refinery: The Valorization of Waste Plastics and End-of-Life Tires in Refinery Units. A Review

et al. 2021

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This review collects a wide range of initiatives and results that expose the potential of the refineries to be converted into waste refineries. Thus, they will use their current units for the valorization of consumer society wastes (waste plastics and end-of-life tires in particular) that are manufactured with petroleum derivatives. The capacity, technological development, and versatility of fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) and hydroprocessing units make them appropriate for achieving this goal. Polyolefinic plastics (polyethylene and polypropylene), the waxes obtained in their fast pyrolysis, and the tire pyrolysis oils can be cofed together with the current streams of the industrial units. Conventional refineries have the opportunity of operating as waste refineries cofeeding these alternative feeds and tailoring the properties of the fuels and raw materials produced to be adapted to commercial requirements within the oil economy frame. This strategy will contribute in a centralized and rational way to the recycling of the consumer society wastes on a large scale. Furthermore, the use of already existing and, especially, depreciated units for the production of fuels and raw materials (such as light olefins and aromatics) promotes the economy of the recycling process.

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“…40 Pyrolytic gas produced from waste rubbers has a caloric value range of 29.9-42.1 MJ m À3 (ref. 41) and is abundant in alkanes; alkenes; aromatics; acids, and sulphides, 42 with aliphatic compounds (chain alkenes and cyclic alkenes), and aromatics (toluene, xylene, styrene) being the most dominant by 70% and 13.1% respectively. 43 The presence of alkenes, cyclohexenes, and aromatics is attributed to the tyres's decomposition of natural rubber.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Developments in waste tyre thermochemical conversion processes: gasification, pyrolysis and liquefaction

et al. 2021

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Dynamic pyrolysis behaviors, products, and mechanisms of waste rubber and polyurethane bicycle tires

Cited by 108 publications

References 81 publications

Flame‐retardant behavior and mechanism of theSBR/MMTcomposites modified by melamine matrix modifier

Flame‐retardant behavior and mechanism of theSBR/MMTcomposites modified by melamine matrix modifier

Waste Refinery: The Valorization of Waste Plastics and End-of-Life Tires in Refinery Units. A Review

Developments in waste tyre thermochemical conversion processes: gasification, pyrolysis and liquefaction

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