Dynamic modeling and experimental validation for direct contact membrane distillation (DCMD) process

Eleiwi, Fadi; Ghaffour, Noreddine; Alsaadi, Ahmad Salem; Francis, Lijo; Laleg‐Kirati, Taous‐Meriem

doi:10.1016/j.desal.2016.01.004

Cited by 71 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…All of these reasons have motivated the dynamical modeling of the MD process [3,13,14,15,16,17,18]. In [3,13] variations of the dynamic convection equation were considered to model air gap MD, whereas in [14,15,16] the 2D convection diffusion equation was used to model DCMD. On the other hand, [17] proposed a black-box model based on neural-networks for the permeate gap MD setup.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of direct contact membrane distillation based on a lumped-parameter dynamic predictive model

et al. 2017

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Membrane distillation (MD) is an emerging technology that has a great potential for sustainable water desalination. In order to pave the way for successful commercialization of MD-based water desalination techniques, adequate and accurate dynamical models of the process are essential. This paper presents the predictive capabilities of a lumped-parameter dynamic model for direct contact membrane distillation (DCMD) and discusses the results under wide range of steady-state and dynamic conditions. Unlike previous studies, the proposed model captures the time response of the spacial temperature distribution along the flow direction. It also directly solves for the local temperatures at the membrane interfaces, which allows to accurately model and calculate local flux values along with other intrinsic variables of great influence on the process, like the temperature polarization coefficient (TPC). The proposed model is based on energy and mass conservation principles and analogy between thermal and electrical systems. Experimental data was collected to validated the steady-state and dynamic responses of the model. The obtained results shows great agreement with the experimental data. The paper discusses the results of several simulations under various conditions to optimize the DCMD process efficiency and analyze its response. This demonstrates some potential applications of the proposed model to carryout scale up and design studies.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of direct contact membrane distillation based on a lumped-parameter dynamic predictive model

et al. 2017

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“…According to the water vapor cooling-down method, the MD process can be classified into four different configurations [5]. By survey of the previous studies, it can be found that among these different MD processes, direct contact membrane distillation (DCMD) is the widely adopted configuration due to its simplicity and reasonably high water flux [32][33][34][35][36][37]. Therefore, in this study, DCMD configuration is used to evaluate the separation properties of the hydrophobic ceramic membranes prepared using the freeze drying tape casting method.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhanced water desalination performance through hierarchically-structured ceramic membranes

Liu

Lei

et al. 2017

Journal of the European Ceramic Society

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Developments of membrane water desalination are impeded by low water vapor flux across the membrane. We present an innovative membrane design to significantly enhance the water vapor flux. A bilayer zirconia-based membrane with a thick hierarchically-structured support and a thin functional layer is prepared using a combined freeze drying tape casting and screen printing method. The hierarchically-structured YSZ support has a porosity of 42.6%, pores of 4.5 μm or larger, and a relatively low tortuosity of 1.58 along the thickness direction. The bilayer membrane is then converted from naturally hydrophilic to hydrophobic via grafting with a fluoroalkylsilane. A water flux of 28.7 Lm-2 h-1 and a salt rejection of 99.5% are achieved by exposing the functional layer to 80 o C salt water of 2 wt.% NaCl and the support layer to 20 o C distilled water. These results are the best performing ones for ceramic membranes in direct contact membrane distillation operation.

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“…The transmembrane pressure (2 bar), crossflow velocity (2 m s ‐1 ) and temperature (25 °C) remained unchanged. In this way, it could be confirmed if the combined model predictions were accurate when a different whey model solution was used …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 90%

Ultrafiltration of whey: membrane performance and modelling using a combined pore blocking–cake formation model

Corbatón-Báguena

Álvarez-Blanco

Vincent‐Vela

2017

J of Chemical Tech & Biotech

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BACKGROUND: Ultrafiltration has been considered as a 'green' technique to treat different industrial wastewaters, such as whey in the dairy industry. However, fouling is one of the major drawbacks in the industrial implementation of this process. Thus, in this work, the performance of ultrafiltration membranes was investigated in terms of permeate flux and protein rejection when treating different whey model solutions. Modelling of permeate flux was performed combining two main fouling mechanisms (complete pore blocking and cake formation) by a time-dependent pore blocking parameter. RESULTS:Results demonstrated that high protein concentration and the presence of calcium salts in the feed solution favoured permeate flux decline. The combined model was appropriate to describe the main fouling mechanisms, with fitting accuracies higher than 0.960. Model parameters were correlated with both calcium and protein concentration and the developed model was successfully validated with an additional fouling test.CONCLUSION: All the membranes tested were suitable for carrying out whey protein separation, with rejection indexes greater than 99%. The combined model and the statistical correlation of model parameters with calcium and protein concentrations were useful to predict permeate flux decline when the ultrafiltration of a new whey model solution was performed. Notation List of symbols b rate constant at which the parameter grows (s -1 ) C Ca calcium concentration in the feed solution (g L -1 ) J CF permeate flux of the cake formation model equation (L m -2 h -1 ) J CPB permeate flux of the complete blocking equation (L m -2 h -1 ) J f experimental permeate flux at the end of the fouling experiment (L m -2 h -1 ) J i experimental permeate flux at the beginning of the fouling experiment (L m -2 h -1 ) J model permeate flux of the combined model equation (L m -2 h -1 ) K CPB Hermia's constant of the complete pore blocking model (m -1 ) K CF Hermia's constant of the cake formation model (s m -2 ) R 2 Regression coefficient (dimensionless) t ultrafiltration time (s) Abbreviations BSA Bovine serum albumin FAO Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations MWCO Molecular weight cut off SD Standard deviation (dimensionless) WPC Whey protein concentrate WPC33 Whey protein concentrate with a protein concentration of 33 w% WPC45 Whey protein concentrate with a protein concentration of 45 w% in manufacturing acetic acid and whey protein from waste cheese whey. J Cleaner Prod 112:59-70 (2016). 13 Argüello MA, Álvarez S, Riera FA and Álvarez R, Enzymatic cleaning of inorganic ultrafiltration membranes used for whey protein fractionation.

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Dynamic modeling and experimental validation for direct contact membrane distillation (DCMD) process

Cited by 71 publications

References 38 publications

Analysis of direct contact membrane distillation based on a lumped-parameter dynamic predictive model

Analysis of direct contact membrane distillation based on a lumped-parameter dynamic predictive model

Enhanced water desalination performance through hierarchically-structured ceramic membranes

Ultrafiltration of whey: membrane performance and modelling using a combined pore blocking–cake formation model

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