Dynamic model development based on experimental investigations of acoustically levitated suspension droplets

WITHDRAWN: Acoustically Levitated Fuel Droplet Evaporation at High Temperatures: An Experimental Investigation

“…This method's non-contact nature avoids specimen-receptacle touch, which is an advantage [12]. The heat and mass transmission properties of fuel droplets may be studied experimentally using this method [13][14][15][16].…”

Evaporation issues of acoustically levitated fuel droplets

“…During evaporation, the SPL, that of a liquid droplet with a specific volume, changes with the aspect ratio, droplet volume, droplet position, and droplet properties [20] . The SPL exhibits a positive correlation with time and aspect ratio, while droplet volume demonstrates a negative correlation.…”

“…This droplet deformation is mainly caused by solute transport inside the droplet [75] , [85] . The internal structure of drying particles at different temperatures [20] was probed by a micro-CT measurement. It was shown that high temperature leads to less movement of primary particles from the surface to the interior, thus creating a cavity in the center.…”

“…3 (a) The inner structure of a drying particle at 100 ℃ and 26% relative humidity (RH). Reproduced from [20] with permission of Elsevier. (b) Half-period oscillation of a propylene glycol droplet that the evaporation behaviors could be ignored, where T is the periodic oscillation time.…”

“…ALM has been a useful tool for the analysis of non-contact and pre-processed samples [19] , [20] , [21] , [22] , as there are no special requirements for the physical and chemical properties of levitated samples. It has been used in biomedical analysis [23] , nano-assembly [24] , crystallization [25] , nano-emulsification [26] , and other applications [27] , [28] , [29] , [30] , [31] , [32] , [33] .…”