Dynamic increase factors for Radiata pine CLT panels subjected to simulated out-of-plane blast loading

Le, Tu Van; Ghazlan, Abdallah; Ngo, Tuan; Remennikov, Alexander; Kalubadanage, Dulara; Gan, Edward Chern Jinn

doi:10.1016/j.engstruct.2020.111299

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 32 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Shock tubes are the most widely reported experimental technique for generating blast loads on timber structures. Pneumatically driven (Lloyd et al, 2010) and gas-detonation (Phillips et al (2021); Van Le et al (2020)) shock tubes have been used for this purpose, as shown in Figures 2(b) and (c), respectively. The advantage of shock tube testing is that relatively large-scale experiments can be performed in a controlled laboratory environment for the exploration of the fundamental behaviour of structures and validation of analytical models.…”

Section: Experimental Techniques Used To Study Response Of Wood Struc...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The model was developed considering full bond action between timber layers, which might be over simplistic to accurately predict the complex inter-layer interactions. More recently, Van Le et al(60) developed and validated a FE model of CLT panels against experimental testing, taking into account the anisotropy of each CLT layer. These authors conducted a sensitivity analysis on the the stiffness of the panel and reported that it has a marginal effect on the peak displacement.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Blast resistance of timber structural elements: A state-of-the-art review

Mourão¹,

Caçoilo

Teixeira-Dias

et al. 2022

International Journal of Protective Structures

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The response of structures subject to impulsive loads remains a field of intense research. Whilst traditional construction materials, such as steel and concrete/masonry, have been the focus of most studies, further research on the performance of alternative materials for blast-resistant applications has been driven by their growing use in sustainable construction. Over the last years, engineers have been re-evaluating the use of timber as a prime construction material for a range of building types, from small office to high-rise residential buildings. As a result, there is now a growing need to study the blast resistance of timber structures, as they may become potential targets of terrorist attacks or being placed in the blast-radius of other critical buildings. A review of existing research on the blast resistance of timber structures is presented and key factors on the blast analysis and design of such structures are discussed. Most of the research has been conducted on light-frame wood stud walls, glued- and cross-laminated timber, and addresses material properties under high strain rates, typical failure modes, behaviour of structural connections and retrofitting solutions. Failure modes are reported to be highly dependent on the element layout and manufacturing aspects, and dynamic increase factors for the modulus of elasticity and maximum strength in the ranges of [1.05, 1.43] and [1.14, 1.60], respectively, have been proposed for different timber elements. Mechanical connectors play a significant role in dissipating energy through plastic deformation, as the brittle nature of timber elements compromises the development of their full capacity. Regardless the element type, SDOF models can accurately predict the dynamic response as long as idealised boundary conditions can be considered. Overall, although a good amount of research is available, more extensive research is needed to guide the design and engineering practice and contribute to the development of design codes and testing standards for timber structures under blast loading.

show abstract

Section: Experimental Techniques Used To Study Response Of Wood Struc...mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Blast resistance of timber structural elements: A state-of-the-art review

Mourão¹,

Caçoilo

Teixeira-Dias

et al. 2022

International Journal of Protective Structures

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Weaver et al [6] performed live-blast testing on full-scale, multi-story CLT buildings and provided evidence for CLT's ability to resist varying levels of explosive loading in a real-world application. Additionally, several researchers have utilized shock tubes to subject CLT flexural specimens to simulated far-field blast loading and provide methods to model CLT's response to blast loading, obtain data on the behavior of commonly used connections in CLT to blast, and obtain data on the performance of retrofits in CLT subjected to blast loading [7][8][9][10][11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Dynamic testing to date has primarily focused on the flexural response of CLT specimens subjected to shock, despite the dramatic effects of RS failures. Specifically, blast testing testing has focused on specimens with large span-to-depth ratios (approximately 12 to 35) [6,7,11], specimens with complex boundary conditions [6,8,9], and low strain rates on the order of 10 −1 s −1 [7][8][9][10][11]. A few hypotheses that may explain the absence of shear modes of failure in dynamically loaded CLT include the following: experimental shock tests on CLT have avoided applying sufficient energy to produce a post-yield response in CLT; large span-to-depth ratios (i.e., ≥12) elicit a largely flexural response, whereas lower ratios would elicit greater shear deformation and a mix of flexural and shear failure modes; complex and/or stiff boundary conditions redistribute the stresses induced by shock loading, thereby precluding the initiation of shear failure modes; and material scale shock testing of wood indicates that strain-rate enhancement occurs at intermediate to very high strain rates (10 1 s −1 to 10 5 s −1 ) [12][13][14][15][16], whereas most experiments on CLT to date have focused on far-field blasts and thus low strain rates (≤10 −1 s −1 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Behavior and Damage Characterization of Impulsively Loaded Cross-Laminated Timber Panels

2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This research bridges the gap between the quasi-static and high-strain-rate loading regimes in cross-laminated timber (CLT) by investigating two areas that have remained unstudied or elusive, i.e., rolling shear failure of CLT under impulsive, blast-like loading and intermediate strain rates in CLT. To study the conditions that would promote shear modes of failure, a novel, highly adaptable center-point testing system and methodology were developed that permitted the application of impulsive loading to undamaged CLT panels in a highly controlled and repeatable manner. The loading condition and low span-to-depth ratio (6.40 ≤ L:h ≤ 6.55) CLT were selected to encourage the development of shear modes of failure. Changes to the rotational rigidity at the boundary conditions allowed for the empirical simulation of realistic boundary conditions. Digital Image Correlation (DIC) and load cell data were used to identify failure modes following loss in resistance in the specimens. Overall, the experiment was successful in consistently eliciting shear modes of failure and providing damage characterization in impulsively loaded CLT. Shear modes of failure resulted in the dramatic loss of resistance in all specimens tested. Strain-rate enhancement in the dynamic apparent flexural stiffness of CLT of 1.3 to 7.2 times was observed. Lower levels of damage were observed in specimens with higher levels of boundary-condition rotational rigidity.

show abstract