Dynamic Hyperinflation, Arterial Blood Oxygen, and Airway Oxidative Stress in Stable Patients With COPD

The effects of dynamic hyperinflation on CT emphysema measurements in patients with COPD

“…The observed lack of a change in TLV, despite the increase in EV, provides clear anatomical and functional evidence that the non-emphysematous parenchyma is further compressed by emphysematous areas in DH. Different methods of DH induction have been described [7,11]. Castro et al [24] recently showed that an arm cycle ergometer test induced DH to a greater degree than a diagonal arm exercise test.…”

“…Since the initial description of the pathophysiology of COPD during exercise [4,5], several studies have demonstrated that the degrees of intolerance to daily activities and impairment in quality of life are affected directly by dynamic hyperinflation (DH) [6][7][8]. The definition of DH is based on the increase in end-expiratory lung volume during and after exercise [9].…”

“…The definition of DH is based on the increase in end-expiratory lung volume during and after exercise [9]. Patients with COPD, who have increased inspiratory drives at rest [10], have very limited potential for the expansion of inspiratory capacity in response to different levels of exercise; this situation leads to exertional dyspnea, blood oxygen desaturation, and oxidative stress damage [7,11].…”

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease and Diabetes Mellitus

“…Our group provided data on COPD pathophysiology, particularly about hypoxia and related oxidative stress, the effect of nutritional status, physical exercise and sleep disorders (Álvarez-Sala R, 2010;García-Río et al, 2009, 2011Braghiroli & Álvarez-Sala, 2010;Alcolea et al, 2007). In addition, the sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome (SAHS), its association with metabolic syndrome (MS) constituents and the sum of SAHS plus COPD in the so called "overlap syndrome" were studied (Santiago-Recuerda et al, 2007;De Miguel et al, 2002).…”

Inflamación sistémica como nexo de unión entre la enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica y sus comorbilidades

“…Pero este proceso inflamatorio no solo se observa a nivel local, tambié n se detectan en la circulació n sisté mica sustancias desencadenadas por la inflamació n. Algunos investigadores 12 han relacionado la presencia de la EPOC con el aumento de diversos marcadores inflamatorios sisté micos, como la proteína C reactiva (PCR) y su versió n de alta sensibilidad (esto es especialmente evidente en pacientes con enfermedad cardiovascular asociada), el fibrinó geno, los leucocitos, el factor de necrosis tumoral a (TNF-a) y las interleucinas (IL) 6 y 8 8,12,13 .…”