Dynamic heat exchanger model for performance prediction and control system design of automotive waste heat recovery systems

Horst, Tilmann; Rottengruber, Hermann; Seifert, Marco; Ringler, Jürgen

doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2012.12.060

Cited by 146 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…In former studies [11,15,20,24,40], the condenser is also simplified like that. This allows avoiding a dynamic model of the condenser, and has the beneficial effect of reducing the computational effort [15].…”

Section: System Performance Indicatorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Part-Load Performance Prediction and Operation Strategy Design of Organic Rankine Cycles with a Medium Cycle Used for Recovering Waste Heat from Gaseous Fuel Engines

2016

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Abstract:The Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) is regarded as a suitable way to recover waste heat from gaseous fuel internal combustion engines. As waste heat recovery systems (WHRS) have always been designed based on rated working conditions, while engines often work under part-load conditions, it is quite significant to analyze the part-load performance and corresponding operation strategy of ORC systems. This paper presents a dynamic model of ORC with a medium cycle used for a large gaseous fuel engine and analyzes the effect of adjustable parameters on the system performance, giving effective control directions under various conditions. The results indicate that the intermediary fluid mass flow rate has nearly no effect on the output power and thermal efficiency of the ORC, while the mass flow rate of working fluid has a great effect on them. In order to get a better system performance under different working conditions, the system should be operated with the working fluid mass flow rate as large as possible, but with a slight degree of superheating. Then, with the control of constant superheat degree at the end of the heating process, the performance of the combined system that consists of ORC and the engine at steady state under seven typical working conditions is also analyzed. The results indicate that the energy-saving effect of WHRS becomes worse and worse as the working condition decreases. Especially at 40% working condition the WHRS nearly has no energy-saving effect anymore.

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Section: System Performance Indicatorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There are lots of heat transfer correlations of phase change [38]. In this study, the heat transfer coefficient of two-phase area is calculated as a function of the heat transfer coefficients for α 1 and α 3 , the densities of saturated liquid (ρ l ) and saturated steam (ρ g ) and the average steam quality x [20]:…”

Section: Bρ E2mentioning

confidence: 99%

Part-Load Performance Prediction and Operation Strategy Design of Organic Rankine Cycles with a Medium Cycle Used for Recovering Waste Heat from Gaseous Fuel Engines

2016

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“…Therefore, the modeling of these components plays a crucial role to describe the WHR system dynamic behavior [11]. The evaporators are plate-fin counter-flow heat exchangers in which the working fluid changes its state from liquid to two-phase and from two-phase to vapor [8].…”

Section: Evaporator and Condensermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This is due to highly dynamic engine conditions, to interaction between the engine and the WHR system and to constraints, namely actuator limitations and safe operation. The control strategies dedicated to automotive applications are mostly based on a proportional-integral-derivative (PID) control type of approach [7][8][9][10][11][12]. However, this approach is most well established for single-input single-output systems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling and Control of a Parallel Waste Heat Recovery System for Euro-VI Heavy-Duty Diesel Engines

et al. 2014

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This paper presents the modeling and control of a waste heat recovery system for a Euro-VI heavy-duty truck engine. The considered waste heat recovery system consists of two parallel evaporators with expander and pumps mechanically coupled to the engine crankshaft. Compared to previous work, the waste heat recovery system modeling is improved by including evaporator models that combine the finite difference modeling approach with a moving boundary one. Over a specific cycle, the steady-state and dynamic temperature prediction accuracy improved on average by 2% and 7%. From a control design perspective, the objective is to maximize the waste heat recovery system output power. However, for safe system operation, the vapor state needs to be maintained before the expander under highly dynamic engine disturbances. To achieve this, a switching model predictive control strategy is developed. The proposed control strategy performance is demonstrated using the high-fidelity waste heat recovery system model subject to measured disturbances from an Euro-VI heavy-duty diesel engine. Simulations are performed using a cold-start World Harmonized Transient cycle that covers typical urban, rural and highway driving conditions. The model predictive control strategy provides 15% more time in vapor and recovered thermal energy than a classical proportional-integral (PI) control strategy. In the case that the model is accurately known, the proposed control strategy performance can be improved by 10% in terms of time in vapor and recovered thermal energy. This is demonstrated with an offline nonlinear model predictive control strategy.Energies 2014, 7 6572

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“…However, control studies mainly focus on low level WHR system control [8][9][10][11][12]. Only a very few studies concentrate on energy management strategies for the complete engine [13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrated Energy and Emission Management for Diesel Engines with Waste Heat Recovery Using Dynamic Models

Willems

Kupper²,

Rascanu

et al. 2014

Oil Gas Sci. Technol. – Rev. IFP Energies nouvelles

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-Rankine-cycle Waste Heat Recovery (WHR) systems are promising solutions to reduce fuel consumption for trucks. Due to coupling between engine and WHR system, control of these complex systems is challenging. This study presents an integrated energy and emission management strategy for an Euro-VI Diesel engine with WHR system. This Integrated Powertrain Control (IPC) strategy optimizes the CO 2 -NO x trade-off by minimizing online the operational costs associated with fuel and AdBlue consumption. Contrary to other control studies, the proposed control strategy optimizes overall engine-aftertreatment-WHR system performance and deals with emission constraints. From simulations, the potential of this IPC strategy is demonstrated over a World Harmonized Transient Cycle (WHTC) using a highfidelity simulation model. These results are compared with a state-of-the-art baseline engine control strategy. By applying the IPC strategy, an additional 2.6% CO 2 reduction is achieved compare to the baseline strategy, while meeting the tailpipe NO x emission limit. In addition, the proposed low-level WHR controller is shown to deal with the cold start challenges.

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Dynamic heat exchanger model for performance prediction and control system design of automotive waste heat recovery systems

Cited by 146 publications

References 23 publications

Part-Load Performance Prediction and Operation Strategy Design of Organic Rankine Cycles with a Medium Cycle Used for Recovering Waste Heat from Gaseous Fuel Engines

Part-Load Performance Prediction and Operation Strategy Design of Organic Rankine Cycles with a Medium Cycle Used for Recovering Waste Heat from Gaseous Fuel Engines

Modeling and Control of a Parallel Waste Heat Recovery System for Euro-VI Heavy-Duty Diesel Engines

Integrated Energy and Emission Management for Diesel Engines with Waste Heat Recovery Using Dynamic Models

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