“…such as thermal separation/conversion, electrochemical catalysis, material synthesis, energy storage, catalysis, biological applications and biochemistry. [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11] For example, a high leaching efficiency (490%) of Co and Li from LiCoO 2 by DESs could only be achieved at high temperature (4180 1C) for 24 h. 11 The selective conversion of CO 2 into CH 4 could be achieved in IL media under visible light irradiation for 10 h. 3 A high faradaic efficiency for the electrochemical conversion of CO 2 to CH 4 and CO could be obtained at À2.2 V vs. Ag/Ag + in ILs. 12 These applications are powered by heat, chemical energy, electricity, and light or exposure to microorganisms.…”