Dynamic characteristics of gastrin release

Jackson, Barry; Reeder, David D.; Thompson, James C.

doi:10.1016/0002-9610(72)90323-6

Cited by 110 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Venous blood samples for gastrin estimation were taken from an indwelling catheter and the plasma separated within 2 hours and frozen at -20 "C until assayed. A radio-immunoassay with double-antibody separation was employed (Jackson et al, 1972), using a rabbit antibody to synthetic human gastrin 1 * University Departments of Radiology, Medicine and Surgery, The Royal Infirmary, Bristol BS2 8HW.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship between changes in plasma gastrin and lower oesophageal sphincter pressure after meals

McCall

Harvey

Owens

et al. 1975

British Journal of Surgery

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Changes in plasma gastrin and lower oesophageal sphincter pressure were measured in 20 subjects after a standard protein meal. Significant increases in both gastrin and sphincter pressure were seen. Peak gastrin response occurred an average of 19-5 minutes and peak lower oesophageal sphincter response 40-0 minutes after the meal. Both gastrin and sphincter pressure showed a wide spectrum of response. In 5 subjects there was no appreciable rise (less than 5 pg/ml) in plasma gastrin after the meal, and 3 of these had symptoms of oesophageal reflux. In this group there was only a small but nervertheless significant rise in lower oesophageal sphincter pressure (mean pressure rise 18-0 per cent of fasting value, p less than 0.05). Greater increases in sphincter pressure (mean rise 54-2 per cent, p less than 0.005) were seen in subjects with a moderate (up to 50 pg/ml) rise in plasma gastrin, and those with the most marked gastrin response (less than 50 pg/ml) showed the greatest rise in pressure (mean rise 80-3 per cent, p less than 0.0025). These results suggest that endogenous plasma gastrin is the main stimulus to the rise in lower oesophageal sphincter pressure after food. Subjects with a poor gastrin response to the meal have only a small increase in sphincter pressure and as a result may be more liable to develop gastro-oesophageal reflux.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship between changes in plasma gastrin and lower oesophageal sphincter pressure after meals

McCall

Harvey

Owens

et al. 1975

British Journal of Surgery

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“…Secretin was determining using a commercially available antibody from Calbiochem. Gastrin was measured as described before [12].…”

Section: Determination Of the Gastrointestinal Hormonesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential effects of gastrointestinal Hormones on the blood flow of the alimentary tract of the dog

Finke

Seifert

1986

Res. Exp. Med.

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The blood flow of the alimentary tract in anesthetized dogs was measured with radioactively labeled 15-micron microspheres before and after i.v. application of the gastrointestinal hormones glucagon, vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP), secretin, and somatostatin. After 5 min glucagon in a dose of 75 micrograms/kg bolus + 5 micrograms/kg X min-1 infusion increased significantly the blood flow in liver, stomach, duodenum, jejunum, ileum, and colon as well as the cardiac output by 160%, 761%, 662%, 576%, 817.3%, 320%, and 108%, respectively. A dose of 3 ng/kg X min-1 resulted in reduction of the circulation in liver, gastric fundus, duodenum, and colon by 27.7%, 19.1%, 16.2%, and 10.7% after 5 min while the cardiac output was not affected. Vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) infused in a dose of 3.3 pmol/kg X min-1 for 5 min increased the blood flow in the pancreas by 30% and reduced it in the spleen and gastric corpus by 26.9% and 41.5%, respectively. Secretin, another member of the glucagon family, after a 5-min infusion of a dose of 0.5 CU/kg X min-1 increased the cardiac output by 49.96% and the renal circulation by 120.7%. In the gastrointestinal tract circulation of the gastric antrum was stimulated by 474%, of the duodenum by 93.5% and of the ileal mucosa by 178%. Infusion of the pancreatic hormone somatostatin (3.5 micrograms/kg bolus followed by infusion of 3.5 micrograms/kg X h-1) increased the blood flow in the liver by 13%, in the pancreas by 23.15%, and in the spleen by 29.8%, while it reduced it in the fundic mucosa by 17.1% and corpus mucosa by 28.8%. In summary, the gastrointestinal hormones examined exert marked and distinct effects on the circulation of the gastrointestinal tract, each hormone in different parts of the digestive tract. Thus, the local microcirculation of the gastrointestinal tract seems to be subject to hormonal in addition to nerval control.

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“…With sensitive radioimmunoassay technics it is possible to directly measure serum concentrations of gastrin released from the antrum during periods of variation in antral acidity (5). In the present work we report direct evidence on the timing of gastrin release after application of solutions at varying pH to antral mucosa which was not otherwise stimulated.…”

mentioning

confidence: 90%

“…The rate of perfusion was 150 ml/hr; the inflow pressure was less than 2 cm H20 and visible distension of the pouch did not occur. Antral venous blood samples for gastrin measurement were obtained twice in the basal state (-15 min and zero time) and a t 15 min The gastrin concentrations in the serum of the antral venous blood were measured by radioimmunoassay ( 5 ) and are expressed as the mean of the observed values with the corresponding standard error (2 SE) . Student's t test was used to determine statistical significance of the data.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Changes in Antral pH on the Basal Release of Gastrin

Becker

Reeder

Thompson

1973

Experimental Biology and Medicine

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Acidification of the gastric antrum reduces the secretion from denervated and innervated fundic pouches in response to various stimuli (1-4). With sensitive radioimmunoassay technics it is possible to directly measure serum concentrations of gastrin released from the antrum during periods of variation in antral acidity (5). In the present work we report direct evidence on the timing of gastrin release after application of solutions at varying pH to antral mucosa which was not otherwise stimulated. Gastrin concentrations in blood draining the gastric antrum were measured by radioimmunoassay.Materials and Methods. Twelve adult mongrel dogs were divided into two groups of six. Each dog was fasted for 24 hr and anesthetized with pentobarbital sodium. At laparotomy the blood supply of the antrum was dissected to allow intermittent sampling of the antral venous outflow as described previously (6). The antrum was isolated from the fundus by means of a clamp placed across the antra-fundic junction. A doublelumen catheter for perfusion was placed via the duodenum into the antrum, and the pylorus was ligated around the catheter. During a 30 rnin basal period, the antral secretions were collected for determination of pH. Antral perfusion was then begun using solutions of 0.9% NaCl adjusted to pH vallues between 1.0 and 8.0. The rate of perfusion was 150 ml/hr; the inflow pressure was less than 2 cm H20 and visible distension of the pouch did not occur. Antral venous blood samples for gastrin measurement were obtained twice in the basal state (-15 min and zero time) and a t 15 min 1 Svpponted by grant AM 15241 from the National Institutes of Health and by a grant from The: John A. Hamtford Foundation, Inc. intervals throughout the experiments.I n six dogs (Group 1) continuous antral perfusion was begun a t pH 7.0, and every 30 min the pH of the perfusate was lowered by 1 unit in order to make the antrum more acid. In the other six dogs (Group 2) the antrum was perfiused for 30 min periods, first at pH 7.0, then serially a t pH 3.0, 8.0, 1.0 and 7.0. Sections of antral mucosa were taken for histologic study a t the end of each experiment. The gastrin concentrations in the serum of the antral venous blood were measured by radioimmunoassay ( 5 ) and are expressed as the mean of the observed values with the corresponding standard error (2 SE) . Student's t test was used to determine statistical significance of the data.Results. Irrigation of the antrum with solutions of varying acidity produced no histologic evidence of injury to antral mucosa.Group I (Fig. 1.) The results of measurement of gastrin values in antral venous blood in the six dogs are shown in Fig. 1. The mean basal serum gastrin was 172 t 23 pg/ml. The pH of the aspirated basal secretions from the antral pouch was between 3.5 and 5.0. Irrigation of the antrum with saline pH 7 increased the gastrin concentration to a peak of 390 t 69 pg/ml ( p < 0.02). Stepwise lowering of the pH of the antral perfusate resulted in progressive diminution in gastrin values. At pH 5 ...

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Dynamic characteristics of gastrin release

Cited by 110 publications

References 11 publications

Relationship between changes in plasma gastrin and lower oesophageal sphincter pressure after meals

Relationship between changes in plasma gastrin and lower oesophageal sphincter pressure after meals

Differential effects of gastrointestinal Hormones on the blood flow of the alimentary tract of the dog

The Effect of Changes in Antral pH on the Basal Release of Gastrin

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