Dynamic characteristics and drivers of the regional household energy-carbon-water nexus in China

Li, Hao; Zhao, Yuhuan; Zheng, Lu; Wang, Song; Kang, Jia-Ning; Liu, Ya; Li, Hongxian; Shi, Long; Shan, Yuli

doi:10.1007/s11356-021-13924-4

Cited by 10 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Scott et al [43], Gu et al [44], and Trubetskaya et al [37] attempted to put forward policy recommendations on water management and wastewater treatment. Emissions by sectors (e.g., agriculture, urban household, energy generation, and industry) were broadly estimated and discussed in the CEW framework [40,[45][46][47][48]. Coal-based power generation sectors must be critically investigated as China's most crucial energy sector supplier and emitter.…”

Section: Literature Review On Cew Nexus Approachmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toward a Carbon-Neutral State: A Carbon–Energy–Water Nexus Perspective of China’s Coal Power Industry

Xie

Qi²,

Zhang³

et al. 2022

Energies

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Carbon neutrality is one of the most important goals for the Chinese government to mitigate climate change. Coal has long been China’s dominant energy source and accounts for more than 70–80% of its carbon emissions. Reducing the share of coal power supply and increasing carbon capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS) in coal power plants are the two primary efforts to reduce carbon emissions in China. However, even as energy and water consumed in CCUS are offset by reduced energy consumption from green energy transitions, there may be tradeoffs from the carbon–energy–water (CEW) nexus perspective. This paper developed a metric and tool known as the “Assessment Tool for Portfolios of Coal power production under Carbon neutral goals” (ATPCC) to evaluate the tradeoffs in China’s coal power industry from both the CEW nexus and financial profits perspectives. While most CEW nexus frameworks and practical tools focus on the CEW nexus perturbation from either an external factor or one sector from CEW, ATPCC considers the coupling effect from C(Carbon) and E(Energy) in the CEW nexus when integrating two main carbon mitigation policies. ATPCC also provides an essential systematic life cycle CEW nexus assessment tool for China’s coal power industry under carbon-neutral constraints. By applying ATPCC across different Chinese coal industry development portfolios, we illustrated potential strategies to reach a zero-emission electricity industry fueled by coal. When considering the sustainability of China’s coal industry in the future, we further demonstrate that reduced water and energy consumption results from the energy transition are not enough to offset the extra water and energy consumption in the rapid adoption of CCUS efforts. However, we acknowledge that the increased energy and water consumption is not a direct correlation to CCUS application growth nor a direct negative correlation to carbon emissions. The dual effort to implement CCUS and reduce electricity generation from coal needs a thorough understanding and concise strategy. We found that economic loss resulting from coal reduction can be compensated by the carbon market. Carbon trading has the potential to be the dominant profit-making source for China’s coal power industry. Additionally, the financial profits in China’s coal power industry are not negatively correlated to carbon emissions. Balance between the carbon market and the coal industry would lead to more economic revenues. The scenario with the most rapid reduction in coal power production combined with CCUS would be more sustainable from the CEW nexus perspective. However, when economic revenues are considered, the scenario with a moderately paced energy transition and CCUS effort would be more sustainable. Nevertheless, the ATPCC allows one to customize coal production scenarios according to the desired electricity production and emission reduction, thus making it appropriate not only for use in China but also in other coal-powered regions that face high-energy demands and carbon neutrality goals.

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Section: Literature Review On Cew Nexus Approachmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toward a Carbon-Neutral State: A Carbon–Energy–Water Nexus Perspective of China’s Coal Power Industry

Xie

Qi²,

Zhang³

et al. 2022

Energies

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“…The EEIOA model has become a common tool to perform consumption-based CH 4 and N 2 O emission accounting and to assess the impact of international trade (Tian et al, 2019;Wang et al, 2019). Nevertheless, despite the increasing attention on household-driven environmental impacts (Li et al, 2021;Wiedenhofer et al, 2016), consumption-based household CH 4 and N 2 O emissions remain to be determined (Davis & Caldeira, 2010;Han et al, 2019).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Household CH₄ and N₂O Footprints of Major Economies

et al. 2021

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Over the past decades, global greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions have rapidly increased (IPCC, 2021). As one of main contributors, about 30% of the GHG emissions were attributed to non-carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) GHG emissions. Non-CO 2 GHG emissions such as methane (CH 4 ) and nitrous oxide (N 2 O) absorb heat in the atmosphere more efficiently than CO 2 and show a higher global warming potential (GWP) (Caro, LoPresti, et al., 2014;Montzka et al., 2011). Over the past decades, global anthropogenic non-CO 2 GHG emissions continued to increase (Howarth, 2014), which was largely driven by agriculture, energy production, and industrial activities (Bajželj et al., 2014;Chen et al., 2018). The effective control and mitigation of non-CO 2 GHG emissions, especially CH 4 and N 2 O, would thus be an essential strategy to address global climate change.Household consumption is an important contributor to GHG emissions (Arto & Dietzenbacher, 2014), and 70.6% of global CH 4 and N 2 O emissions in 2014 were generated directly from household consumption, mostly from fuel and electricity use for heating, cooling, cooking, and operating private vehicles (Zhen et al., 2018). More importantly, a significant amount of CH 4 and N 2 O emissions were generated in the supply chains of goods and services consumed by households (Saunois et al., 2016). Since the supply chains of most household consumables have been globalized, CH 4 and N 2 O emissions driven by overseas household

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Analysis of dynamic evolution characteristics and driving factors of regional synergistic effect of reducing carbon and saving water: the case of Yangtze River Delta Urban Agglomerations, China

Wang,

Qin

2024

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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Dynamic characteristics and drivers of the regional household energy-carbon-water nexus in China

Cited by 10 publications

References 37 publications

Toward a Carbon-Neutral State: A Carbon–Energy–Water Nexus Perspective of China’s Coal Power Industry

Toward a Carbon-Neutral State: A Carbon–Energy–Water Nexus Perspective of China’s Coal Power Industry

Household CH₄ and N₂O Footprints of Major Economies

Analysis of dynamic evolution characteristics and driving factors of regional synergistic effect of reducing carbon and saving water: the case of Yangtze River Delta Urban Agglomerations, China

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Dynamic characteristics and drivers of the regional household energy-carbon-water nexus in China

Cited by 10 publications

References 37 publications

Toward a Carbon-Neutral State: A Carbon–Energy–Water Nexus Perspective of China’s Coal Power Industry

Toward a Carbon-Neutral State: A Carbon–Energy–Water Nexus Perspective of China’s Coal Power Industry

Household CH4 and N2O Footprints of Major Economies

Analysis of dynamic evolution characteristics and driving factors of regional synergistic effect of reducing carbon and saving water: the case of Yangtze River Delta Urban Agglomerations, China

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Product

Resources

About

Household CH₄ and N₂O Footprints of Major Economies