Dynamic Changes of Th1 Cytokines and the Clinical Significance of the IFN-<i>γ</i>/TNF-<i>α</i> Ratio in Acute Brucellosis

Xu, Guang; Zhang, Peng; Dang, Rongjing; Jiang, Yanfang; Wang, Feng; Wang, Bin; Yang, Mingyuan

doi:10.1155/2019/5869257

Cited by 14 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“… 16 , 17 In particular, TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-2, and IL-10 levels are affected during Brucella infection. 16 , 18 , 19 Additionally, the level of these cytokine indicates the status of the immune response and disease progression. However, the role of Th1/Th2/Th17 cytokines in acute brucellosis infection and treatment still remains partially defined or debated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serum Levels of Seven General Cytokines in Acute Brucellosis Before and After Treatment

Tang¹,

Ma²,

Sun³

et al. 2021

IDR

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Purpose Human brucellosis is the most common bacterial zoonosis globally that poses a severe health threat. Despite the availability of antibiotic therapy for human brucellosis, its tendencies of chronicity and persistence may lead to severe debilitating and disabling conditions in patients. Comprehensive understanding of the immune response in brucellosis will be helpful in improving the treatment strategies. In this study, we measured serum levels of T helper cell type 1 (Th1), Th2, and Th17 cytokines in patients with acute brucellosis before and after treatment. Patients and Methods Overall, 30 patients with acute brucellosis from the Beijing Di Tan Hospital and 26 healthy controls were enrolled in this study. All the patients received a 6-week therapy regimen comprising ceftriaxone, doxycycline, and rifampicin. Serum samples were collected from patients with acute Brucella infection and healthy controls before and after treatment. Serum seven cytokine levels of Th1 (IL-2, IFN-γ, and TNF-α), Th2 (IL-4, IL-6, IL-10), and Th17 (IL-17A) were measured using cytometric bead array. Results In patients with acute infection, the IL-2, IFN-γ, and IL-10 levels were significantly increased compared with those in healthy controls (P < 0.001). After treatment, IL-2, IFN-γ, and IL-10 levels significantly decreased (P < 0.05) and the TNF-α level significantly increased compared with the corresponding baseline levels and those in healthy controls (P < 0.05). Furthermore, the IFN-γ, IL-4, and IL-10 levels were higher in patients after treatment than in healthy controls (P < 0.05). IL-2 and IL-6 levels exhibited a positive correlation with the C-reactive protein (CRP) level in acute brucellosis (P < 0.05). Conclusion Levels of most serum Th1 and Th2 cytokines were simultaneously increased in acute infection, followed by reduction in the corresponding cytokine levels and residual cytokine response during treatment. This residual immune response could represent a therapeutic opportunity that may improve the long-term clinical outcomes in patients with acute brucellosis after treatment.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serum Levels of Seven General Cytokines in Acute Brucellosis Before and After Treatment

Tang¹,

Ma²,

Sun³

et al. 2021

IDR

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“…Even though the gold standard for diagnosing this disease is leukocyte culture, this test has a high false-negative rate. Moreover, its cost and a 10-day delay before confirmation restrict its use as a standard diagnostic test in acute Brucellosis (6). As a result, clinicians chiefly rely on other laboratory tests to evaluate patients with brucellosis, such as agglutination test, white blood cell (WBC) counts, platelet (PLT) counts, liver function tests, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), and C-reactive protein (CRP).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As a result, clinicians chiefly rely on other laboratory tests to evaluate patients with brucellosis, such as agglutination test, white blood cell (WBC) counts, platelet (PLT) counts, liver function tests, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), and C-reactive protein (CRP). Nevertheless, the diagnosis of brucellosis remains a challenge in most cases (6).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Post-treatment downregulation of type III interferons in patients with acute Brucellosis

Shokri

Khonakdar

Mohammadnia‐Afrouzi

et al. 2021

Preprint

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There is a limited number of clinical studies on interferon (IFN) levels in human brucellosis. The novel group of interferons, type III interferons, consists of four IFN-λ (lambda) molecules called IFN-λ1 or Interleukin-29 (IL-29), IFN-λ2 or IL-28A, IFN-λ3 or IL-28B, and IFN-λ4, are not fully known. This study is one of the first studies of IL-28A and IL-29 levels in Brucellosis cases at the end of their treatment course. A total of 33 acute Brucellosis patients were included in this study. We considered changes in the levels of IL-28A and IL-29 in cases with acute brucellosis before and after treatment with standard therapy that referred to the Ayatollah Rohani Hospital in Babol, Northern Iran. Serum IL-29 and IL-28A (acute form: 56.4 +- 30.32 and 48.73 +- 27.72, respectively, and post-treatment: 40.15 +- 20.30 and 38.79 +- 22.66, respectively) levels were elevated significantly in acute brucellosis than after treatment (p ≤ 0.05). These findings indicate that considering biomarker levels in Brucellosis patients may be indicative of the chronicity of infection. In conclusion, we suggest that IL-29 and IL-28A levels may be valuable biomarkers for follow-up patients with brucellosis.

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“…High expression of IFN-γ has important clinical significance in brucellosis. Xu [ 10 ] reported that the increased level of IFN-γ and TNF-α in the serum of patients with acute brucellosis. Freeman [ 11 ] found that CXCR3 was significantly increased in severe chronic non-obstructive diseases.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of CXCR3 and its ligands expression in Brucellar spondylitis

Shang

Wang

et al. 2020

BMC Immunol

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Aim Brucellar spondylitis (BS) is one of the most serious complications of brucellosis. CXCR3 is closely related to the severity of disease infection. This research aimed to study the degree of BS inflammatory damage through analyzing the expression levels of CXCR3 and its ligands (CXCL9 and CXCL10) in patients with BS. Methods A total of 29 BS patients and 15 healthy controls were enrolled. Real-Time PCR was used to detect the mRNA expression levels of IFN-γ, CXCR3, CXCL9 and CXCL10 in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of BS patients and healthy controls. Hematoxylin-Eosin staining was used to show the pathological changes in BS lesion tissues. Immunohistochemistry staining was used to show the protein expression levels of Brucella-Ab, IFN-γ, CXCR3, CXCL9 and CXCL10 in BS lesion tissues. At the same time, ELISA was used to detect the serum levels of IFN-γ, CXCL9 CXCL10 and autoantibodies against CXCR3 in patients with BS. Results In lesion tissue of BS patients, it showed necrosis of cartilage, acute or chronic inflammatory infiltration. Brucella-Ab protein was abundantly expressed in close lesion tissue. And the protein expression levels of IFN-γ, CXCR3 and CXCL10 were highly expressed in close lesion tissue and serum of BS patients. At the same time, the mRNA expression levels of IFN-γ, CXCR3 and CXCL10 in PBMCs of BS patients were significantly higher than those in controls. Conclusion In our research, the expression levels of IFN-γ, CXCR3 and its ligands were significantly higher than those in controls. It suggested that high expression levels of IFN-γ, CXCR3 and its ligands indicated a serious inflammatory damage in patients with BS.

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Dynamic Changes of Th1 Cytokines and the Clinical Significance of the IFN-γ/TNF-α Ratio in Acute Brucellosis

Cited by 14 publications

References 24 publications

Serum Levels of Seven General Cytokines in Acute Brucellosis Before and After Treatment

Serum Levels of Seven General Cytokines in Acute Brucellosis Before and After Treatment

Post-treatment downregulation of type III interferons in patients with acute Brucellosis

The role of CXCR3 and its ligands expression in Brucellar spondylitis

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