Dynamic Antisolvent Engineering for Spin Coating of 10 × 10 cm<sup>2</sup> Perovskite Solar Module Approaching 18%

Bu, Tongle; Liu, Xueping; Li, Jing; Huang, Wenchao; Wu, Zheng; Huang, Fuzhi; Cheng, Yi‐Bing; Zhong, Jie

doi:10.1002/solr.201900263

Cited by 61 publications

(61 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Reproduced with permission. [ 89 ] Copyright 2019, Wiley‐VCH. c) Schematic diagram of single‐tip pipette (SC) process and multi‐tip pipette (MC), and photographs of the SC‐processed and MC‐processed 10 × 10 cm 2 perovskite film.…”

Section: Scaling Up Perovskite Layersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[ 109 ] This unevenness will be magnified in preparing large‐area films and thus causes efficiency loss. [ 85,89 ]…”

Section: Scaling Up Perovskite Layersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Huang and co‐workers reported a dynamic antisolvent quenching (DAS) process in spin coating. [ 89 ] In DAS process, the antisolvent was continuously dropping from the center to the edge by moving the pipette (Figure 4b). Compared with static antisolvent (SAS) process, DAS process allowed antisolvent to interact with the whole perovskite wet film almost simultaneously to form homogenous nucleation.…”

Section: Scaling Up Perovskite Layersmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Review on Scaling Up Perovskite Solar Cells

Zhang

Lim

et al. 2020

Adv Funct Materials

175

150

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Power conversion efficiency of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) has been boosted to 25.5% among the highest efficiency for single‐junction solar cells, making PSCs extremely promising to realize industrial production and commercialization. Scaling up PSCs to fabricate efficient perovskite solar modules (PSMs) is the fundamental for applications. Here, present progresses on scaling up PSCs are reviewed. The structure design for PSMs is discussed. Various scalable methods and related morphology control strategies for large‐area uniform perovskite films are summarized. Potential charge transport materials and electrode materials together with their scalable methods for low‐cost, efficient, and stable PSMs are also summarized. Besides, current attempts on encapsulation for improving stability and reducing lead leakage are introduced, and the calculated cost and environment influence of PSMs are also outlined.

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Section: Scaling Up Perovskite Layersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[ 109 ] This unevenness will be magnified in preparing large‐area films and thus causes efficiency loss. [ 85,89 ]…”

Section: Scaling Up Perovskite Layersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Scaling Up Perovskite Layersmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Review on Scaling Up Perovskite Solar Cells

Zhang

Lim

et al. 2020

Adv Funct Materials

175

150

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“…The champion module fabricated using this dynamic antisolvent quenching method showed high efficiency up to 17.82%. [ 143 ]…”

Section: Role Of Antisolvents To Improve the Perovskite Film Formationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antisolvents in Perovskite Solar Cells: Importance, Issues, and Alternatives

Ghosh

Mishra

Singh

2020

Adv Materials Inter

119

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technologies based on crystalline silicon, cadmium telluride (CdTe), copper indium gallium selenide (CIGS), etc. [15,16] Tremendous efforts are being given to commercialization of PSCs through improving the device efficiency, stability, and ability to fabricate large-area perovskite films. Though the current efficiency of PSCs is comparable to other matured solar cell technologies, this technology is behind those in terms of stability and large-area fabrication ability. Hopefully, various technologies have come out as potential largearea film fabrication methods, like blade coating, spray coating, slot-die coating, roll printing, etc. [17-20] Furthermore, stability can be improved mostly by encapsulation technologies and using additives in precursor solutions, but still not up to the mark for commercial use, which leaves a huge space for further research. [15,21-24] At the beginning of the perovskite solar cell era, uniform and pinhole-free perovskite film formation was a challenge. It is notable that, pinholes lead to a decrease in shunt resistance and nonuniformity leads to an increase in series resistance, which ultimately produce poor efficiency and stability of the device. Gradually, various technologies had been developed to improve the overall film quality, i.e., to obtain uniform and fully covered films. Among those technologies, the use of antisolvents during the perovskite film formation became very successful to obtain uniform and pinhole-free film, which dramatically increased the efficiency of the devices (also improved the stability to some extent). Antisolvents induce rapid and dense nucleation of perovskite that lead to uniform and pinhole free films. [25] Other effective alternative technologies are additive engineering, [26] hot casting, [27] rapid thermal annealing, [28] and solvent annealing. [29,30] In additive engineering, additives are used generally to slow down the crystallization process of perovskite or defect passivation to improve the crystallinity and optoelectronic properties of the perovskite film. In hot casting, hot precursor solution is coated on a hot substrate for better crystallization that improves the perovskite film quality. In rapid thermal annealing, a high intensity radiation is applied for post-annealing of perovskite film. In solvent annealing, a solvent vapor is allowed to condense on the surface, voids, and grain boundaries of the film, in which the perovskite dissolve and recrystallize to reduce the grain boundaries and pinholes. Interestingly, the best efficiency solar cells are mostly fabricated by using antisolvents. Therefore, a review article on the use of Organic-inorganic metal halide perovskite solar cells are emerging as potential solar energy harvesting tools and can be a tough competitor to already matured solar cell technologies. The success of perovskite solar cells is attributed to superior optoelectronic properties of perovskites, feasible synthesis process, and low fabrication cost. Though perovskite solar cells confront perovskite film quality rela...

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“…68-70 A 10 Â 10 cm 2 PPV module with a PCE of close to 18% has recently been demonstrated through the dynamic anti-solvent process. 71 In addition, for large modules, inhomogeneity of the layer thickness across the substrate will affect the current and FF of the sub cells with the worst sub cell dictating the overall current and FF in the series-connected modules, which needs to be optimised delicately to ensure consistent distribution of each layer's thickness. With such optimisation, Rossi et al manufactured a stable A4-size module (with an active area of 198 cm 2 ) with PCE $ 6.6% under 1 sun and an outstanding PCE of $18% under l000 lx FL lighting.…”

Section: Ppvs For Indoor Applicationmentioning

confidence: 99%