Dynamic Analysis of Growth, Water Balance and Sap Fluxes through Phloem and Xylem in a Tomato Fruit: Short-term Effect of Water Stress

Araki, Toshimitsu; Eguchi, Tetsuo; Wajima, Takaaki; Yoshida, Satoshi; Kitano, Masaharu

doi:10.2525/ecb1963.42.225

Cited by 15 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…3C). In tomato, a similar occurrence of xylem sap backflow under water deficit was reported (Araki et al, 2004). In addition, JPhlo showed positive values in both shading and control treatments (Fig.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 58%

Effect of Light Condition on Water and Carbon Balance in Satsuma Mandarin (Citrus unshiu Marc.) Fruit

Yano

Ohara

Matsubara

et al. 2013

Environmental Control in Biology

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Light condition is a fundamental environmental factor for high-quality plant production. In this paper, we discuss how light condition affects fruit development in the long and short term, and attempt to clarify management methods for active fruit development under conditions of low solar radiation, by using quantitative research on fruit water and carbon balance during greenhouse cultivation of Satsuma mandarin (Citrus unshiu Marc.). A significant decrease in yield due to shading was not detected, but we confirmed that shading treatment affected the dry weights of source-sink units, fruit volume, increase in volume of the fruits, and fruit quality parameters, such as sugar accumulation, acid content, and rind color. Qualitatively, the carbon balance of Satsuma mandarin fruit is comparable to that of tomato fruit or rice panicle, but quantitatively, the carbon balance of Satsuma mandarin fruit may differ, as shown by low sink relative growth rate. In addition, fruit growth parameters such as translocation rate for a fruit and fruit relative growth rate showed significant positive correlations with dark respiration, despite the shading treatment. The fruit carbon demand may be simply described by fruit dark respiration as the sum of new photosynthetic carbon and stored carbon translocation for a fruit.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 58%

Effect of Light Condition on Water and Carbon Balance in Satsuma Mandarin (Citrus unshiu Marc.) Fruit

Yano

Ohara

Matsubara

et al. 2013

Environmental Control in Biology

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“…The altered sucrose concentration of the phloem sap may be due to the shift of balance between the water demand by the fruits and the capacity of source leaves to load sucrose into the phloem. Assuming that the phloem is the main route of water transport into fruits (Araki et al, 2004;Guichard et al, 2005;Ho et al, 1987;Plaut et al, 2004), high fruit load would accelerate water export from the source leaves through the phloem. At a higher rate of water export, the rate of sucrose loading at the source leaves may be delayed as compared with faster water export, thereby decreasing the sucrose concentration of the phloem sap.…”

Section: Effects Of Lfr On the Fruit Solid Contentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship between Fruit Soluble Solid Content and the Sucrose Concentration of the Phloem Sap at Different Leaf to Fruit Ratios in Tomato

Jan

Kawabata

2011

J. Japan. Soc. Hort. Sci.

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Tomato fruits accumulate most of their solid contents during rapid fruit development. The balance of water transport to assimilate transport into fruits during that stage is an important factor that determines the final solid content of fruits at harvest. In this study, the relationship of sucrose concentration of the phloem sap to the solid content of rapidly growing fruits was investigated. At the anthesis of the second truss, the stem just above the first truss was heat-girdled, while newly emerging leaves above the second truss were pinched regularly to diminish cross translocation of carbohydrates between the source-sink unit, consisting of the second truss and three leaves below, and other parts of the plant. The leaf to fruit ratio (LFR) as the number of leaves per fruit of this isolated source-sink unit was manipulated at the fruit set of the truss. When LFR was increased from 0.2 to 1, fruit dry weight increased linearly from 3.5 to 7 g, but it saturated beyond the LFR of 1. By contrast, the contents of dry matter and soluble sugars on a fresh weight basis increased linearly within the whole range of LFR from 0.2 to 3. The sucrose concentration of the phloem sap, collected from the pedicel by the modified EDTA method, also increased as LFR increased, and a positive correlation was observed between sucrose concentration of the phloem sap and the contents of dry matter and total soluble sugars. These data suggested that solid content can be increased in a wide range of LFR in proportion to the sucrose concentration of the phloem sap.

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“…Numerous short-term studies have shown a constant increase in fruit volume during the daytime in tomatoes (Pearce et al, 1993;Araki et al, 1997Kitano et al, 1998aKitano et al, , 1998bKitano and Araki, 2001). In tomato, under water deficit conditions, the daytime temporary decrease in the fruit volume due to sap back flow was shown (Araki et al, 1998(Araki et al, , 2004. In Satsuma mandarins under moderate water stress, temporary decrease in fruit volume often occurred during sunny daytime and steep increase in the fruit volume occurred from late afternoon to beginning of nighttime (Yano et al, 2012(Yano et al, , 2013.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Energy-Saving Night Temperature Regime for Satsuma Mandarins (Citrus unshiu Marc.) Grown in a Plastic House with Heating. III. Application of Different Night Temperature Patterns

Yano

Matsubara

Shimooka

et al. 2014

Environmental Control in Biology

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In order to control nighttime temperatures with energy saving, how different night temperature regimes affected on the fruit growth, quality and 13 C allocation from leaf to fruit were researched by both the partial heating and whole tree heating. One type, altering time of nighttime heating, the end of day (EOD) -heating, middle of night (MON) -heating, and predawn (Pd) -heating were applied. The EOD-heating temporally activated the fruit growth and accelerated the 13 C allocation from leaf to fruit through short term (hours) researches by the partial heating, however, comparing to the conventional heating as 20°C constant in nighttime by the whole tree heating during 60 90 days after full bloom (DAFB), no superiority was observed in both the fruit volume increase and fruit quality, and the MON-heating showed the depression of fruit growth. Another type of a regime determined by daily integrated solar radiation, comparing to the conventional heating as 17°C constant in nighttime during 78 120 DAFB, no superiority was observed in the fruit quality. Nighttime 13 C allocation from the leaf to fruit was detected at 90 DAFB, though was hardly detected at all at 120 DAFB regardless of night temperatures as high as 25°C at both days.

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Dynamic Analysis of Growth, Water Balance and Sap Fluxes through Phloem and Xylem in a Tomato Fruit: Short-term Effect of Water Stress

Cited by 15 publications

References 26 publications

Effect of Light Condition on Water and Carbon Balance in Satsuma Mandarin (Citrus unshiu Marc.) Fruit

Effect of Light Condition on Water and Carbon Balance in Satsuma Mandarin (Citrus unshiu Marc.) Fruit

Relationship between Fruit Soluble Solid Content and the Sucrose Concentration of the Phloem Sap at Different Leaf to Fruit Ratios in Tomato

Energy-Saving Night Temperature Regime for Satsuma Mandarins (Citrus unshiu Marc.) Grown in a Plastic House with Heating. III. Application of Different Night Temperature Patterns

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