Dying, dead, and down trees

McComb, William C.; Lindenmayer, David B.

doi:10.1017/cbo9780511613029.012

Cited by 123 publications

(78 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Coarse woody debris (CWD), defined as the large-size component of downed woody material (Harmon et al, 1986), provides important ecosystem services in forest systems (McComb & Lindenmayer, 1999;Butler et al, 2002;Woldendorp & Keenan, 2005), and amounts and types of CWD can affect surface fuel loads and fire behavior in these systems (Brown et al, 2003;Brewer, 2008). Much of the volume of CWD in southwestern mixed-conifer and ponderosa pine forests consists of logs (defined here as down woody material >20 cm in large-end diameter and ≥2 m in length).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rapid Increase in Log Populations in Drought-Stressed Mixed-Conifer and Ponderosa Pine Forests in Northern Arizona

Ganey¹,

Vojta²

2012

OJF

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Down logs provide important ecosystem services in forests and affect surface fuel loads and fire behavior. Amounts and kinds of logs are influenced by factors such as forest type, disturbance regime, forest management, and climate. To quantify potential short-term changes in log populations during a recent globalclimate-change type drought, we sampled logs in mixed-conifer and ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa) forests in northern Arizona in 2004 and 2009 (n = 53 and 60 1-ha plots in mixed-conifer and ponderosa pine forests, respectively). Over this short time interval, density of logs, log volume, area covered by logs, and total length of logs increased significantly in both forest types. Increases in all log parameters were greater in mixed-conifer than in ponderosa pine forest, and spatial variability was pronounced in both forest types. These results document rapid increases in log populations in mixed-conifer forest, with smaller changes observed in ponderosa pine forest. These increases were driven by climate-mediated tree mortality which created a pulse in log input, rather than by active forest management. The observed increases will affect wildlife habitat, surface fuel loads, and other ecosystem processes. These changes are likely to continue if climate change results in increased warmth and aridity as predicted, and may require shifts in management emphasis.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rapid Increase in Log Populations in Drought-Stressed Mixed-Conifer and Ponderosa Pine Forests in Northern Arizona

Ganey¹,

Vojta²

2012

OJF

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Coarse woody debris forms structural features that serve key ecological functions in the form of habitat for organisms [6,7], and energy flow in the form of nutrient cycling [8]. Forests develop over time with a continual flux of CWD as stand dynamics transition from early-successional pioneer to late-successional old growth.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Snag management is considered important when developing stand structural features suitable for cavity nesting wildlife and other species dependent on this community component [7,9]. Snag habitat varies by seral stage or forest management history, but snags are generally more abundant and diverse in older and unmanaged forests [10][11][12][13][14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhancing Stand Structure through Snag Creation in Northeastern U.S. Forests: Using Ethanol Injections and Bark Beetle Pheromones to Artificially Stress Red Maple and White Pine

Dodds

Hanavan

Wansleben

2016

Forests

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

We investigated two methods to create white pine and red maple snags in a forested setting. The first involved injecting trees with ethanol at two times (single Ethanol (ETOH) and double ETOH injections) to increase attractiveness to insects and elicit attacks on trees. The second method was unique to white pines and involved both injection treatments in combination with baiting trees with Ips-specific pheromones. Three of five white pines from the double ETOH treatment died in the second year. Species including Ips pini (Say), Ips grandicollis Eichhoff, Orthotomicus caelatus Eichhoff, Crypturgus borealis Swaine and Monochamus notatus (Drury) responded more strongly to at least one of the treatments over control trees. However, there were no differences found in individual Scolytinae or Cerambycidae species response to treatments in red maple. Fitness (FV/FM) and vitality (PIabs) were both significantly reduced in both ETOH treatments compared to controls in white pine. In red maple, fitness was reduced in the double ETOH treated trees but the final mean FV/FM values were within the approximate optimal of health. Ethanol injections, in combination with Ips-specific semiochemicals, show promise for creating standing coarse woody debris (CWD) in white pine. Injecting ethanol was not effective for stressing red maple.

show abstract

“…Although it is recognised that logs and snags are important components of forest dynamics linked to biodiversity (Harmon et al, 1986;McComn and Lindenmayer, 1999), little is known about dead wood dynamics in Mediterranean forests, where factors such as biodiversity conservation and carbon sequestration are of great importance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Coarse woody debris (CWD) contributes to the total amount of organic matter in the forest soil, thereby affecting energy flow (McComn and Lindenmayer, 1999), soil development and nutrient cycles (Harmon and Chen, 1991;Harmon et al, 1986). Furthermore, dead wood is considered as a substratum for many processes, such as humification, nursery sitting for seedling establishment (Köster et al, 2005) and structural habitat features for a wide variety of micro-organisms, vascular and non-vascular plants, and animals (Harmon et al, 1986).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modelling coarse woody debris in Pinus spp. plantations. A case study in Northern Spain

Herrero¹,

Pando²,

Bravo³

2010

Ann. For. Sci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract• Coarse woody debris (CWD) plays a substantial role in several ecological processes in forest ecosystems, providing a habitat for many organisms and participating in biogeochemical fluxes. Understanding CWD dynamics is important to classify adequate density, size and amount into different decay classes and to make decisions that include biodiversity and the carbon budget in practical forestry.• A two-step model has been developed to quantify CWD in Pinus spp. plantations in Northern Spain. The two-step approach was composed of a logistic model to predict the probability of CWD occurrence and linear models to quantify the two components considered, basal area of snags and volume of logs.• Site conditions, and climatic and stand variables were included in the models as independent variables. Good performance of the two-step model (R 2 snag = 39.9%, R 2 log = 62.8%) was observed.• Modelling CWD is a useful tool for simulating future scenarios in the current context of climate change. Models inform stakeholders properly about defining the best silvicultural options for the distribution of CWD under sustainable forest management.

show abstract

Dying, dead, and down trees

Cited by 123 publications

References 0 publications

Rapid Increase in Log Populations in Drought-Stressed Mixed-Conifer and Ponderosa Pine Forests in Northern Arizona

Rapid Increase in Log Populations in Drought-Stressed Mixed-Conifer and Ponderosa Pine Forests in Northern Arizona

Enhancing Stand Structure through Snag Creation in Northeastern U.S. Forests: Using Ethanol Injections and Bark Beetle Pheromones to Artificially Stress Red Maple and White Pine

Modelling coarse woody debris in Pinus spp. plantations. A case study in Northern Spain

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About