“…Poly(ethylene terephthalate) − PET is the most important polyester with a variety of applications, from textile fibers to bottles for carbonated beverages and for photographic film packaging and automobile components. Studies have recently been published on the dyeing of polymers, especially polyesters (Beltrame et al, 1998;De Giorgi, et al, 2000). According to Stinson and Obendorf (1996), PET absorbs only 0.4% of the water and does not swell in water.…”
-The process of dyeing poly(ethylene terephthalate) -PET films at 50, 60 and 65ºC and poly(hydroxybutyrate) -PHB granules at 60, 70 and 80ºC using supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO 2 ) as solvent and ethanol as cosolvent was studied by DSC, TGA analysis and measurements of shrinkage to determine the morphological modifications caused by the scCO 2 treatment of these materials. A comparison of the effects of annealing both polymers in scCO 2 provided evidence that PHB had plasticization activity due to its crystallinity and that PET favored the dyeing process at high pressure when its temperature was raised to close to the T g value. DSC and TGA measurements were obtained for all the samples. The DSC results showed that there was no significant structural change and the TGA data showed that thermal stability was not affected in the samples analyzed.
“…Poly(ethylene terephthalate) − PET is the most important polyester with a variety of applications, from textile fibers to bottles for carbonated beverages and for photographic film packaging and automobile components. Studies have recently been published on the dyeing of polymers, especially polyesters (Beltrame et al, 1998;De Giorgi, et al, 2000). According to Stinson and Obendorf (1996), PET absorbs only 0.4% of the water and does not swell in water.…”
-The process of dyeing poly(ethylene terephthalate) -PET films at 50, 60 and 65ºC and poly(hydroxybutyrate) -PHB granules at 60, 70 and 80ºC using supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO 2 ) as solvent and ethanol as cosolvent was studied by DSC, TGA analysis and measurements of shrinkage to determine the morphological modifications caused by the scCO 2 treatment of these materials. A comparison of the effects of annealing both polymers in scCO 2 provided evidence that PHB had plasticization activity due to its crystallinity and that PET favored the dyeing process at high pressure when its temperature was raised to close to the T g value. DSC and TGA measurements were obtained for all the samples. The DSC results showed that there was no significant structural change and the TGA data showed that thermal stability was not affected in the samples analyzed.
“…They claimed that good equalization and fastness of dyeing could be obtained directly without any additive. DeGiorgi [37] compared dyeing polyester fiber by supercritical carbon dioxide with that by water, the result showed that the K/S value of polyester fiber dyed by supercritical carbon dioxide as dissolvent at 80˚C and 240 bar was equivalent to the effect of water dyeing at 120˚C. In addition, Germany began to implement the 5 -10 L level quantitative test for supercritical dyeing of polyester fiber when literatures were published in 1992, and Bach and Schollmeyer [38,39] increased the scale to 30 L in 1998, stepping towards an economic scale.…”
Section: Evolution Of Supercritical Fluid Dyeingmentioning
The supercritical fluid is used extensively, especially in substance extraction. The extraction of many substances has reached the economic-scale industrial bulk production stage. However, the research on the wastewater-free dyeing technique replacing water as dissolvent is still at a development stage. This study introduced the development situation of supercritical fluid dyeing technique, and described the evolution of stock dyeing, measurement of solubility of dye, studies of dyeing kinetics and instrument application studies, in order to provide related data for relevant studies in further development of this technique.
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