Dutch elm Disease and the Habitat of Endangered Rosalia Longicorn<i>Rosalia alpina</i>(L.): A Conservation Paradox?

Bartnik, Czesław; Michalcewicz, Jakub; Ciach, Michał

doi:10.3161/15052249pje2015.63.3.013

Cited by 7 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Dutch elm disease is having a mixed impact on beetles. The rare longhorn beetle Rosalia alpina (L.) (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae), normally found in Fagus sylvatica , has been found in dead U. glabra in Poland and Germany as populations expand into dying stands of elm (Bartnik, Michalcewicz, & Ciach, ; Bussler, Schmidl, & Blaschke, ; Michalcewicz, Ciach, & Bodziarczyk, ). Conversely threatened species such as Quedius truncicola F. & L. (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae), whose larva primarily feeds on dipterous larvae in very rotten wood, and the red click beetle Elater ferrugineus L. (Coleoptera: Elateridae), are undoubtedly declining in mainland Europe with increased removal of old diseased trees (Musa et al., ; Sörensson, ).…”

Section: Herbivory and Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

Biological Flora of the British Isles: Ulmus glabra

2018

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This account presents information on all aspects of the biology of Ulmus glabraHudson (wych elm) that are relevant to understanding its ecological characteristics and behaviour. The main topics are presented within the standard framework of the Biological Flora of the British Isles: distribution, habitat, communities, responses to biotic factors, responses to environment, structure and physiology, phenology, floral and seed characters, herbivores and disease, history and conservation.2. Ulmus glabra is a large forest tree, and often an important canopy tree in ancient and semi-natural woodlands. It is primarily native to the north and west of Britain and much of mainland Europe. It is the only elm native to Ireland. It is the most distinct of the British elms in that it rarely suckers and sets abundant viable seed.Although found on limestone screes and cliffs, and hedgerows, it is primarily a woodland tree, especially on moist, basic soils. In many secondary woodlands, it often co-occurs with Acer pseudoplatanus and has ecological needs that are similar to Fraxinus excelsior. 3.Ulmus glabra has clusters of c. 25 hermaphrodite flowers appearing before the leaves on previous year's growth. Seeds are wind-dispersed, falling in April to July, but remain viable for only a few days. Nevertheless, seedling establishment can be abundant. Hybridisation with other northern European elms is common but hybrids are notoriously difficult to identify and therefore probably under-recorded.4. The health and survival of wych elm in Europe has been seriously compromised since the 1970s due to Dutch elm disease caused by the fungus Ophiostoma novoulmi, transmitted by elm bark beetles (Scolytus spp.). To the south of its Scottish stronghold, many elms are reduced to small trees regrowing from basal sprouts or seeds. These trees tend to be reinfected once trunk diameter exceeds 10 cm.Fortunately for its long-term survival, seed production usually begins a number of years before they are reinfected.

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Section: Herbivory and Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

Biological Flora of the British Isles: Ulmus glabra

2018

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“…Bartnik et al (2015) also found that only O. novo-ulmi infested studied elms in four stands localized in Carpathians (SE Poland). Only 30% of elms didn't show a disease symptoms.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 90%

Investigation of Ophiostoma population infected elms in Poland

Łakomy¹,

Kwaśna²,

Kuźmiński³

et al. 2016

Dendrobiology

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Dutch elm disease (DED) still occurs in Poland. Previous studies confirmed occurring O. ulmi and two subspecies of O. novo-ulmi: subsp. novo-ulmi and subsp. amerciana. In this study the population of Ophiostoma occurred in Poland was investigated. The disease incidence was investigated on elms growing in 39 locations. The pathogen's mycelium was isolated from elm branches and twigs collected from 22 plots. The disease symptoms were noted in 5% to 35% trees. Fungi were identified based on the PCR amplification of the ITS 1/2 rDNA together with phylogenetic analysis of this region. Ophiostoma novo-ulmi was the only agent caused DED on Ulmus glabra, U. minor and U. laevis. There were no genetic diversity of O. novo-ulmi Polish population in analyzed ITS region. All kind of specific symptoms and disease intensity occurred independently on elm species and host age. Ulmus minor was infested most sever among the three elms species.

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“…The study was conducted in 2014 in Beskid Niski Mts (Western Carpathians) in a ca. 70‐year‐old mixed beech/elm‐dominated stand ( Dentario glandulosae‐Fagetum: 30% wych elm, 30% European beech Fagus sylvatica and 10% for each of sycamore maple Acer pseudoplatanus , common ash Fraxinus excelsior , silver fir Abies alba and Scots pine Pinus sylvestris ) (Bartnik et al, ). The wych elm trees were heavily weakened by Dutch elm disease or already dead, and a number of dead elm trees were removed from the stand what was evidenced by numerous stumps and confirmed by the forest service.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Botryodiplodia canker was detected in the study site of the endangered rosalia longicorn ( Rosalia alpina ) located in the Dutch elm disease‐affected elm stands in the Beskid Niski Mts (Western Carpathians, SE Poland). Multiple pathogens were detected in the studied stands (Bartnik, Michalcewicz, & Ciach, ), but a single tree harboured a characteristic perennial canker reminiscent of a Botryodiplodia canker. This paper presents a detailed description of the disease symptoms and a morphological and molecular characterization of cultures isolated from this canker.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

The first record of Botryodiplodia canker in Poland

et al. 2019

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This study describes the first observation of Botryodiplodia canker in the Western Carpathians in south‐eastern Poland caused by Botryodiplodia hypodermia (Sacc.) Petr. (syn. Sphaeropsis hypodermia, S. ulmicola). The canker occurred on an approximately 17‐year‐old Ulmus glabra sapling in a mixed conifer/deciduous stand with elm trees severely damaged by Dutch elm disease. This paper describes disease symptoms and provides information on the macro‐ and micromorphology of the fungus isolated from the cankered tissues. The results of BLAST search using DNA sequences obtained for our cultures and subsequent phylogenetic positioning of the fungus among closely related Botryosphaeriaceae indicate that the species is much more closely related to Phaeobotryon than to the other Botryodiplodia or Sphaeropsis species. Moreover, a total of 16 polymorphisms within the ITS region were detected between S. ulmicola associated with Botryodiplodia canker in North America and B. hypodermia associated with the canker observed in Poland. Thus, the “European” variant of “Sphaeropsis” ulmicola can now be easily identified with our barcode sequences. The Botryodiplodia canker is much less prevalent in Europe than in North America. Differences in virulence of “American” and “European” linages and differences in susceptibility of various elm species may be the reason for the higher prevalence of the disease in North America.

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Dutch elm Disease and the Habitat of Endangered Rosalia LongicornRosalia alpina(L.): A Conservation Paradox?

Cited by 7 publications

References 20 publications

Biological Flora of the British Isles: Ulmus glabra

Biological Flora of the British Isles: Ulmus glabra

Investigation of Ophiostoma population infected elms in Poland

The first record of Botryodiplodia canker in Poland

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