The first record of Botryodiplodia canker in Poland

Abstract

This study describes the first observation of Botryodiplodia canker in the Western Carpathians in south‐eastern Poland caused by Botryodiplodia hypodermia (Sacc.) Petr. (syn. Sphaeropsis hypodermia, S. ulmicola). The canker occurred on an approximately 17‐year‐old Ulmus glabra sapling in a mixed conifer/deciduous stand with elm trees severely damaged by Dutch elm disease. This paper describes disease symptoms and provides information on the macro‐ and micromorphology of the fungus isolated from the cankered tissues. The results of BLAST search using DNA sequences obtained for our cultures and subsequent phylogenetic positioning of the fungus among closely related Botryosphaeriaceae indicate that the species is much more closely related to Phaeobotryon than to the other Botryodiplodia or Sphaeropsis species. Moreover, a total of 16 polymorphisms within the ITS region were detected between S. ulmicola associated with Botryodiplodia canker in North America and B. hypodermia associated with the canker observed in Poland. Thus, the “European” variant of “Sphaeropsis” ulmicola can now be easily identified with our barcode sequences. The Botryodiplodia canker is much less prevalent in Europe than in North America. Differences in virulence of “American” and “European” linages and differences in susceptibility of various elm species may be the reason for the higher prevalence of the disease in North America.

Identification and Characterization of Nectria pseudotrichia Associated with Camellia Canker Disease in China

“…The basic characteristic of canker disease is the generation of a visible necrotic area on the bark of infected trees [23]. Most of the pathogenic fungi that cause canker disease belong to a few genera of Ascomycetes, including Nectria, Valsa, Cytospora, Dothiorella, Dothichiza, Botryodiplodia, Macrophoma, Diaporthe, Melanconium, Fusarium, and Trichoscyphella [23][24][25][26][27].…”

The Most Important Fungi on Wych Elm (Ulmus Glabra) Trees in Montenegro

“…This fungus causes elm dieback and is potential factor endangering elms in Europe (Bartnik et al, 2022). Possible explanation is because Botryodiplodia hypodermia is much less prevalent in Europe than in North America (Bartnik et al, 2018). Also, forest stands and climate characteristics in Montenegro are somewhat different than in other geographically distant parts of Europe.…”

“…Also, new studies of fungi on wych elm (Ulmus glabra) trees were focused on finding of highly pathogenic species like Botryodiplodia hypodermia (Ellis & Everh. ) Buisman outside their natural range (Bartnik et al, 2018). Recent investigations about fungal species on wych elm (Ulmus glabra) reported Ophiostoma novo-ulmi Brasier in "Biogradska gora" National Park as locality previously without Dutch elm disease (Vemić, 2022).…”