Duree de la vie dans la population de Columnata (epipaleolithique oranais)

Biraben, J

doi:10.2307/1527790

Cited by 8 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The shortterm potential for human population growth in small populations is often high, with instantaneous population growth rates of between 0.5% and 2% per year documented for hunter-gatherer groups such as the Ache (Hill and Hurtado 1995: 101), Agta (Early and Headland 1998: 84), Asmat (Van Arsdale 1978: 457), Hadza (Blurton Jones et al 1992: 172-173), and Yanomama (Neel and Weiss 1975: 34). However, estimates of long-term population growth rates based on historical and archaeological data are typically much closer to 0 (e.g., Pennington 2001: 195), suggesting that episodes of catastrophic mortality that cause substantial losses to living populations and that occur every few generations may account for the balance between short-term and long-term population growth (Biraben 1969;Boone 2002;Hill and Hurtado 1995;Keckler 1997;Watkins & Menken 1985). Although there is historical evidence for the heightened role of catastrophic mortality in limiting population growth in vulnerable island communities in recent times (e.g., Tomasson 1977), the challenge for archaeologists is to investigate whether this hypothesis has more general applicability by seeking more widespread evidence for the limiting effects of catastrophic mortality, particularly in prehistoric populations.…”

Section: Estimating Demographic Parameters From Archaeological Evidencementioning

confidence: 99%

Archaeological Demography

2006

Demography in Archaeology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Archaeological demography investigates the structure and dynamics of past human populations using evidence from traces of human activities and remnants of material culture in the archaeological record. Research in this field is interdisciplinary, incorporating findings from anthropology, paleogenetics, and human ecology but with a remit that extends beyond the primarily biological focus of paleodemography. Important questions addressed by archaeological demography include the establishment of methods for inferring past population structure, the timing of the emergence of modern human demographic systems, the relative importance of attritional and catastrophic patterns of mortality, and the search for adaptive explanations for demographic transitions, colonization events, and population extinctions. Archaeological evidence, including the extent of settlements and site catchment areas as well as measures of the exploitation, consumption, and discard of materials and artifacts, have traditionally been used as proxies for estimating past population size and density. In recent years this evidence has been supplemented by increasingly large data sets compiled from radiocarbon dating programs. These data sets have been used to investigate demographic waves of advance during continental-scale periods of colonization and cultural change and to detect episodes of population decline, extinction, and hiatuses in settlement history. By considering studies of human genetic diversity that indicate temporary but drastic reductions in effective population size, I hypothesize that catastrophic mortality may have had an important role in long-term population processes and may have limited long-term rates of growth, particularly in prehistoric populations. This open access article is available in Human Biology: http://digitalcommons.wayne.edu/humbiol/vol81/iss2/9 Archaeological DemographyAndrew Chamberlain 1 Abstract Archaeological demography investigates the structure and dynamics of past human populations using evidence from traces of human activities and remnants of material culture in the archaeological record. Research in this fi eld is interdisciplinary, incorporating fi ndings from anthropology, paleogenetics, and human ecology but with a remit that extends beyond the primarily biological focus of paleodemography. Important questions addressed by archaeological demography include the establishment of methods for inferring past population structure, the timing of the emergence of modern human demographic systems, the relative importance of attritional and catastrophic patterns of mortality, and the search for adaptive explanations for demographic transitions, colonization events, and population extinctions. Archaeological evidence, including the extent of settlements and site catchment areas as well as measures of the exploitation, consumption, and discard of materials and artifacts, have traditionally been used as proxies for estimating past population size and density. In recent years this evidence has been suppleme...

show abstract

Section: Estimating Demographic Parameters From Archaeological Evidencementioning

confidence: 99%

Archaeological Demography

2006

Demography in Archaeology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…These dates show that the Iberomaurusian occupation lasted from 11230.60 Cal BC To 10340.50 Cal BC (890 years) and that the Columnatian transitional level dates back to 8850 Cal BC (date provided by H3 burial). This population's health status has been estimated with a lifespan of 21-22 years and a mortality rate of 46 per 1000 (Biraben, 1969), which is close to the Férembach, 1962)[2]. Tooth wear appears late, such as tooth caries (Chamla, 1970), and dental avulsion affected both jaws.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%