Durchgängig von der Straße auf den Prüfstand bis zur Simulation – eine qualitative Analyse am Beispiel RDE

Statistically supported real driving emission calibration: Using cycle generation to provide vehicle-specific and statistically representative test scenarios for Euro 7

“…By this measure to revise the RDE calibration and validation procedures, a lesson learned for the current approaches can be taken into account to overcome the high testing efforts and provide benefits for the future calibration process. The lack of reproducibility 21–23 as a result of unpredictable environmental influences during road tests and the significant increase in possible test cases due to the expansion of the test boundary conditions 8,9,24–27 compared to previous legislation and the increasing complexity of powertrains and engine control units (ECUs) 28 requires the integration of X-in-the-Loop approaches 23,30–34 and supporting tests for monitoring RDE validation on the test bench. 12 Manufacturers mainly investigate validation test matrices consisting of fleet-generic cycles and on-road tests with portable emission measurement systems (PEMSs) to assess whether the type approval tests can be passed.…”

“…In particular, EiL setups allow to increase the amount of achievable tests, as the duration to soak and condition the test vehicle can be reduced and components can be exchanged quicker than in a real vehicle configuration. 34,46 In addition, different traffic scenarios or driver behaviors can be simulated and RDE routes can be tested regardless of their geographical location. 47,48…”

Next Level of Testing - Extended Frontloading through Latency-optimized EiL Test Benches

“…This makes it possible to separately evaluate and optimize the effects of individual hardware and/or software modifications on individual operating states and emission events of the combustion engine in interaction with the virtual vehicle concept and operating scenario. To implement an EiL test scenario, an internal combustion engine with the appropriate engine ECU and the complete exhaust aftertreatment system that is comparable to the one of the real vehicle is installed on a highly dynamic engine test bench [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10].…”

“…Operating real-time simulation systems and real component test benches in the EiL context of a dynamic engine test bench essentially requires a discretely controlled exchange of speed and torque information [2][3][4][5][6][7]. The quality of the information exchange, taking into account the existing control architecture, significantly influences the quality and validity of the test results [5,11].…”

“…For this purpose, the automation system of the highly dyna mic engine test bench is extended by a powerful HiL realtime computer, such as a dSpace Scalexio system. The HiL platform computes accurate and real-time-capable models substituting the missing vehicle components as well as additional models for emulating the in fluence of the vehicle environment (driving resistance including road topology) and driving behavior [5][6][7]11].…”