Duration of the Acquired Resistance of Calves to Infection with Dictyocaulus viviparus

Jf, Michel; Mackenzie, A.

doi:10.1016/s0034-5288(18)34745-3

Cited by 50 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…The result will be that the whole herd at some point in time may be confronted with considerable lungworm infection levels on pasture. To understand the consequences of this, one needs to recognise that immunity appears to develop at two levels, one against incoming larvae before they have reached the lungs and another against parasite stages in the lungs (Jarrett and others 1959, Michel 1962, Michel and others 1965). The latter is a long‐lasting immunity preventing larvae from becoming adult once they reach the lungs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lungworm outbreaks in adult dairy cows: estimating economic losses and lessons to be learned

et al. 2011

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Two lungworm outbreaks in dairy herds were investigated in order to estimate the resulting economic costs. On the two farms, with 110 and 95 cows, total costs were estimated at €159 and €167 per cow, respectively. Overall, milk production reduced by 15 to 20 per cent during the outbreaks. Five cows died on one farm, while on the other farm seven cows died as a result of the lungworm outbreak. On one farm, 51.7 per cent of the total costs was due to reduced milk production and 33.1 per cent was due to disposal of dead animals. On the other farm, it was 36.3 and 50.9 per cent, respectively. The remaining 13 to 15 per cent of the total costs were due to extra inseminations, laboratory diagnosis and treatments. The history and development of the outbreaks are described. One lesson from these outbreaks is that recognising that potentially lungworm-naïve animals are to be introduced into the adult herd allows for timely measures (for example, vaccination) to prevent a lungworm outbreak.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lungworm outbreaks in adult dairy cows: estimating economic losses and lessons to be learned

et al. 2011

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“…Because adult harbour seals were observed to be less infected than young seals, a development of a protective immunity has been assumed ( Claussen et al., 1991 , Bergeron et al., 1997b ). Such immunity has been described in cattle against the bovine lungworm D. viviparus ( Jarrett et al., 1958 , Jarrett et al., 1959 , Enigk and Hildebrandt, 1969 , McKeand et al., 1995 ), lasting for a period of approximately six to twelve months ( Michel et al., 1965 ). Whether seropositive animals of AG 4 are due to a reinfection event after loss of immunity or due to remaining antibodies against a lungworm infection in previous age groups remains unknown.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Lungworm seroprevalence in free-ranging harbour seals and molecular characterisation of marine mammal MSP

Ulrich

Lehnert

Rubio-García³

et al. 2016

International Journal for Parasitology: Parasites and Wildlife

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Harbour seals (Phoca vitulina) are frequently infected with the lungworms Otostrongylus circumlitus and Parafilaroides gymnurus. The infection is often accompanied by secondary bacterial infections and can cause severe bronchopneumonia and even death in affected animals. Hitherto, the detection of lungworm infections was based on post mortem investigations from animals collected within stranding networks and a valid detection method for live free-ranging harbour seals was not available. Recently, an ELISA was developed for detecting lungworm antibodies in harbour seal serum, using major sperm protein (MSP) of the bovine lungworm, Dictyocaulus viviparus as recombinant diagnostic antigen. To determine lungworm seroprevalence in free-ranging harbour seals, serum was taken from four different seal age groups (n = 313) resulting in an overall prevalence of 17.9% (18.9% of males, 16.7% of females). 0.7% of harbour seals up to six weeks of age were seropositive, as were 89% of seals between six weeks and six months, 53.6% between six and 18 months and 24.2% of seals over 18 months of age. In the 18 months and over age group, seropositive animals showed statistically significant reductions in body weight (P = 0.003) and length (P < 0.001). Sera from lungworm infected harbour seals in rehabilitation (n = 6) revealed that duration of antibody persistence may be similar to that of lungworm infected cattle, but further studies are needed to confirm this. Phylogenetic analyses of MSP sequences of different marine and terrestrial mammal parasitic nematodes revealed that lungworm MSP of the genus Dictyocaulus (superfamily Trichostrongyloidea) is more closely related to metastrongylid marine mammal lungworms than to trichostrongylid nematodes of terrestrial hosts.

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“…However, between 16 and 20 weeks after turnout, all animals shed low numbers of lungworm larvae with the faeces. The resulting immunity is transient and has to be maintained by challenge infections (MICHEL et al, 1965). Studies have found that some of the larvae administered with the vaccine may complete their development to the adult stage and produce larvae (JARRETT et al, 1959).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibody Responses to Natural Dictyocaulus viviparus Exposure in First Year Grazing Cattle Using Vaccination or Different Kinds of Anthelmintic Treatment

Schnieder

Bellmer

Wheeler

1992

Journal of Veterinary Medicine, Series B

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In two field trials vaccination or different anthelmintic treatments against Dictyocuulus viviparus infections were used in 6 groups of first year grazing cattle. The antibody response to lungworm infections was determined using an ELISA. Cattle treated once or repeatedly at long intervals with levamisole developed clinical signs of dictyocaulosis. The detection of anti-D. viviparus antibodies at the end of the grazing season confirmed that these anthelmintic treatments were not able to prevent lungworm infections. Cattle that received strategically administered treatments with ivermectin remained clinically healthy. These cattle were seronegative until the end of the trial which proved the efficacy of the strategic control. Cattle that received an intraruminal slow release bolus did not develop clinical disease. However one animal shed lungworm larvae and the herd became seropositive at the end of the grazing season indicating a history of infection. The serological examination of a cattle herd at the end of the grazing season is able to demonstrate a history of lungworm infections and to determine the efficacy of anthelmintic control measures.

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Duration of the Acquired Resistance of Calves to Infection with Dictyocaulus viviparus

Cited by 50 publications

References 27 publications

Lungworm outbreaks in adult dairy cows: estimating economic losses and lessons to be learned

Lungworm outbreaks in adult dairy cows: estimating economic losses and lessons to be learned

Lungworm seroprevalence in free-ranging harbour seals and molecular characterisation of marine mammal MSP

Antibody Responses to Natural Dictyocaulus viviparus Exposure in First Year Grazing Cattle Using Vaccination or Different Kinds of Anthelmintic Treatment

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