Duration of Post-Stress Intervocalic Stops and Preceding Vowels

Sharf, Donald J.

doi:10.1177/002383096200500103

Cited by 48 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…The finding that native English speakers produce / t / and / d / in different ways does not contradict other studies. Sharf [19], in a study of bisyllabic words, found that inter vocalic / t / and / d / were produced with a 40-ms difference and that / d / was the longer of the two consonants.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aspects of Final Consonant Production in American English by Nonnative Speakers

Schmidt¹

1989

Phonetica

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This paper describes the production of word-final, utterance-medial /t, d/ in American English by native speakers and by three groups of nonnative speakers of English. Twenty-four nonnative subjects, whose native languages include Arabic, Korean, Spanish, and Thai, were rated by native English speakers as having no accent, a mild accent, or a medium to heavy accent in English. Measurement of five tokens each of /t/ and /d/ for each speaker and for 6 native English speakers were compared. Neither the Americans nor any of the nonnative groups significantly differentiated /t/ from /d/ by closure duration. As strength of accent rating increased, mean closure duration tended to increase. Also, as strength of accent rating increased, implementation of manner of stop consonant production (including flapping and aspirated versus nonaspirated release) tended to change. Results suggest that both duration and the ability to produce a number of durationally different release options in English may affect the degree of perceived foreignness.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aspects of Final Consonant Production in American English by Nonnative Speakers

Schmidt¹

1989

Phonetica

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“…Requests for reprints should be sent to Dominic W. Massaro is present and may serve as distinguishing features (Lisker, 1977;Massaro, 1975b;Wilder, 1975). In studies measuring the durations of vowels within spoken words, vowels preceding voiced consonants are found to be somewhat longer than the same vowel spoken before the unvoiced cognates (Lehmann & Heffner, 1943;Peterson & Lehiste, 1960;Sharf, 1962;Umeda, 1975). For example, with the words (the) use and (to) use as test material, Denes (1955) found that vowel duration varied from 40 to 80 msec in voiceless Ijusl and from 120 to 200 msec in voiced Ijuz/.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The contribution of vowel duration, F0 contour, and frication duration as cues to the/juz/-/jus/distinction

Derr

Massaro

1980

Perception & Psychophysics

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A model was quantified to describe the integration of vowel duration, fricative duration, and fundamental frequency (F 0) contour as cues to final position fricatives differing in voicing. The basic assumptions are that perceived vowel duration and perceived frication duration are cues to the identity of final position fricatives and that both F o contour and vowel duration influence perceived vowel duration. Binary choice and rating responses to synthetic stimuli varying independently along the three dimensions were collected. The results were consistent with the assumption that F0 contour operates by modifying perceived vowel duration, which is a direct cue. Unfortunately, the nature of the modification appears to be very similar in form to that which results from the integration of two independent cues in syllable identification. Therefore, the results do not allow a rejection of the idea that the perception of F o contour may directly cue the identity of final position fricatives.

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“…Vowels preceding voiceless stops are noticeably shorter in English. The shortening effect of voiceless stops on preceding vowels has been replicated in many studies [Belasco, 1953[Belasco, , 1958Denes, 1955;Peterson and Lehiste, 1960;House, 1961;Delattre, 1962;Sharf, 1962;Wolf, 1978;and many others]. Gussenhoven [2004] understands this effect as enhancement in the sense of Stevens and Keyser [1989].…”

Section: (Usative) Elat(ive) Ess(ive) Gen(itive) Ill(ative) Inesmentioning

confidence: 92%

Phonetic Duration, Phonological Quantity and Prosodic Structure in Inari Saami

2010

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Inari Saami, an endangered Finno-Ugric language of Northern Finland, is reported to have a three-way surface contrast in consonant length (short, halflong and long). We studied disyllabic words (C)V1CxV2(C) using data from 5 native speakers under two conditions, with short and long preceding vowel, V1, and found support for the claim that Inari Saami has a ternary contrast in consonant length. The three-way length contrast is more robust following a short V1. The duration of V2 correlates negatively with the length of the medial consonant. However, there is one major departure from this pattern. When both V1 and the medial consonant are long, V2 is also longer. This finding supports the idea that disyllables of this class differ from the others in their prosodic structure in having two metrical feet rather than one. This interpretation tallies with independent evidence from synchronic morphophonology and the historical development of the prosodic system of Inari Saami.

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Duration of Post-Stress Intervocalic Stops and Preceding Vowels

Cited by 48 publications

References 6 publications

Aspects of Final Consonant Production in American English by Nonnative Speakers

Aspects of Final Consonant Production in American English by Nonnative Speakers

The contribution of vowel duration, F0 contour, and frication duration as cues to the/juz/-/jus/distinction

Phonetic Duration, Phonological Quantity and Prosodic Structure in Inari Saami

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