Duration of detection of methamphetamine in hair after abstinence

Suwannachom, Natiprada; Thananchai, Thiwaphorn; Junkuy, Anongphan; O’Brien, Timothy E.; Sribanditmongkol, Pongruk

doi:10.1016/j.forsciint.2015.06.030

Cited by 20 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…It has been previously reported that the average frequency of use of methamphetamine among chronic users is about 5 times per week, being lower in males (about 2 times per week) than in females (about 6 times per week) (Suwannachom et al 2015). In another study conducted with methamphetamine users, 75.6% out of 189 participants reported using methamphetamine no more frequently than 9 times per month (Ding et al 2014).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of tolerance to the effects of methamphetamine on daytime and nighttime activity evaluated with actigraphy in rhesus monkeys

2017

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Rationale Methamphetamine is one of the most largely consumed ilicit drugs, and its use is associated with abuse liability and several adverse health effects, such as sleep impairment. Importantly, sleep quality can influence addiction treatment outcomes. Evidence suggests that tolerance can develop to the sleep-disrupting effects of stimulant drugs. Objective The aim of the present study was to investigate the development of tolerance to the actigraphy-based sleep-disrupting and stimulant effects of methamphetamine self-administration in rhesus monkeys. Methods Methamphetamine (0.03 mg/kg/inf, i.v.) self-administration was carried out following 3 different protocols: 14 consecutive days of self-administration; 5 days per week for 3 weeks, with a 2-day interval between 5-day blocks of self-administration; and 3 days per week for 3 weeks, with a 4-day interval between 3-day blocks of self-administration. Daytime activity and activity-based sleep measures were evaluated with Actiwatch monitors a week before (baseline parameters) and throughout each protocol. Results Methamphetamine self-administration markedly disrupted sleep-like measures and increased daytime activity. Tolerance developed to those effects with repeated methamphetamine intake exceeding 5 consecutive days. Inclusion of washout periods (2 or 4 days) between blocks of methamphetamine self-administration attenuated the development of tolerance, with longer breaks from methamphetamine intake being more effective in maintaining the sleep-disrupting and stimulant effects of methamphetamine. Conclusions Tolerance can develop to the stimulant and sleep-disrupting effects of methamphetamine self-administration. Interruption of drug intake extends the effects of methamphetamine on sleep-like measures and daytime activity.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of tolerance to the effects of methamphetamine on daytime and nighttime activity evaluated with actigraphy in rhesus monkeys

2017

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“…The bag was then sealed with aluminium foil paper and shipped to the Department of Forensic Medicine, Chiang Mai University, for quantitative hair analysis. The analysis for hair MA levels followed a previously published protocol involving solid-phase microextraction in line with gas chromatography/mass spectrometry 19. Derivatising reagents for hair analysis were heptafluorobutyric chloride (98% purity) and heptafluorobutyric anhydride (99% purity).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risks of psychosis in methamphetamine users: cross-sectional study in Thailand

et al. 2019

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ObjectiveTo determine factors related to recent methamphetamine-associated psychosis (MAP) among individuals recently using methamphetamine (MA).DesignCross-sectional study carried out between July 2015 and June 2017.SettingFour mental health hospitals and one substance abuse treatment centre in Thailand.ParticipantsIndividuals recruited onto the study included those aged 18 years or over, of both sexes, who reported MA use in the month prior to admission.MeasuresAny recent psychosis was confirmed using the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview-Plus psychotic module. The Timeline Follow Back was used to determine days of MA use. The severity of MA dependence was assessed using the Severity of Dependence Scale. Quantitative hair analysis was carried out to confirm recent use of MA and to measure the amount of MA use. We compared several characteristics between those who had recently experienced psychosis and those who had not.ResultsThis study included 120 participants without MAP and 113 participants with MAP. The mean age was 28 years and the mean abstinence was 17 days. The levels of MA concentration in hair were not significantly different between groups (p=0.115). Based on the final logistic regression model, the independent factors associated with MAP (OR and 95% CI) included being male (OR 4.03, 95% CI 1.59 to 10.20), ≥16 days of MA use in the past month (OR 2.35, 95% CI 1.22 to 4.52), MA dependence (OR 9.41, 95% CI 2.01 to 44.00) and hospitalisation history related to substance abuse (OR 3.85, 95% CI 2.03 to 7.28).ConclusionsHealth professionals should closely monitor the development of MAP in MA-dependent men who frequently use MA and have a history of hospitalisation for substance abuse. The measure of MA concentration levels in the hair may add no benefit for the prediction of the development of MAP.

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“…It can be advocated that the specific pattern of DMT distribution can be the consequence of drug discontinuation by the donor. This is simply not possible, as the pattern of discontinuation involving a basic drug (such as DMT) will result in negative results within 3 to 4 months, with an 85% decrease from one segment to the other 25,26 …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human hair tests to document drug environmental contamination: Application in a family law case involving N,N‐dimethyltryptamine

Kintz

Ameline

Raul

2020

Drug Testing and Analysis

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For 40 years, hair tests have been presented as the best approach to document long‐term consumption of a drug. This unique property has found numerous applications in clinical, forensic, and occupational toxicology. However, since the beginning of its implementation in biology, external contamination, with an associated risk of false positive result, has been presented as the key in the final interpretation. Evidence of environmental contamination and subsequent health issues can be the task of any toxicologist. Because of recent progress of analytical equipment, it is now possible to quantify drugs in hair with high level of accuracy and specificity at the pg/mg range. Therefore, segmental hair tests can be used to document environmental contamination and are the objective of this publication. In a family law case, N,N‐dimethyltryptamine (DMT), a powerful hallucinogen, has been found in the hair of the partner of a repetitive DMT smoker at 4 to 13 pg/mg in 6 × 1 cm segments, with a regular increase of concentrations from the proximal to the distal hair end. The low measured concentrations and the particular pattern of DMT distribution along the hair shaft seem to be typical of environmental contamination, the older hair (those of the distal part) being for a longer time in contact with the drug. Despite strong decontamination, drugs from the environment can remain bound to the hair matrix and therefore be able to be used to document environmental contamination.

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Duration of detection of methamphetamine in hair after abstinence

Cited by 20 publications

References 15 publications

Assessment of tolerance to the effects of methamphetamine on daytime and nighttime activity evaluated with actigraphy in rhesus monkeys

Assessment of tolerance to the effects of methamphetamine on daytime and nighttime activity evaluated with actigraphy in rhesus monkeys

Risks of psychosis in methamphetamine users: cross-sectional study in Thailand

Human hair tests to document drug environmental contamination: Application in a family law case involving N,N‐dimethyltryptamine

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