Duration of antibiotics for penetrating spine trauma: a systematic review

Predicting early complications in patients with spinal gunshot wounds: A multicenter study

“…Clean or dirty wound: SGW with concomitant visceral perforation or those injuries with significant soft tissue destruction as well as local tissue contamination were considered as dirty wounds ( Mahmood et al, 2020 ).…”

Antibiotic prophylaxis in injury: an American Association for the Surgery of Trauma Critical Care Committee clinical consensus document

“…As a result, much of the spine literature has advocated prolonged courses of ‘prophylactic’ antibiotics lasting up to 14 days to prevent infection with the greatest concern involving transcolonic injuries. 61 As no prospective studies exist, these recommendations are based on clinical judgment, older retrospective studies and case series that are underpowered and use varying antibiotic courses lasting up to 6 weeks. The incidence of infection without antibiotic use after penetrating injury is not known which further hampers the interpretation of any available information regarding the necessity or duration of antibiotic use.…”

Firearm-Related Injuries—Wound Management, Stabilization, and Associated Injuries

“…Gunshot wounds account for 10% of spinal cord injuries (SCIs) 91 , the third most common etiology behind motor vehicle collisions and falls 92-94 . Despite this, there are no randomized controlled trials evaluating management or outcomes for firearm-related SCIs with most literature drawn from military conflicts in which there are larger percentages of high-velocity ballistic injuries.…”

“…Overall, there is a roughly 5% rate of spinal and paraspinal infection 92 ; however, transcolonic trajectories may increase this risk 103 . Most of the literature suggests 24 to 48 hours of prophylactic antibiotics with a first-generation cephalosporin for those without colonic involvement and 5 to 7 days of coverage with gram-negative and anaerobic coverage in the case of colonic involvement 95 .…”