Durable Water-Repellent Cotton Fabrics Prepared by Low-Degree Substitution of Long Chain Alkyl Groups

Sawatari, Chie; Sekiguchi, Yuka; Yagi, Takeshi

doi:10.1177/004051759806800707

Cited by 18 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Ideal water repellent cotton fabrics are hydrophobic on the fiber surfaces to resist water, yet porous to allow moisture transport for comfort. Efforts to reduce the hydrophilicity of cotton have involved surface modification using hydrophobic compounds, such as fluorocarbons (Jiang et al 2005;McCord et al 2003;Sato et al 1994), silicones (Lee et al 2005;Yuen et al 2005) and hydrocarbons (Sawatari et al 1998). These technologies have varying effectiveness and durability in achieving water repellent cotton fabrics although are limited by their sustainability and environmental concerns and cost.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surface modification of cellulose with plant triglycerides for hydrophobicity

2007

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Hydrophobic cotton was achieved by surface modification of the cellulose with triglycerides from several plant oils including soybean, rapeseed, olive and coconut oils. These oils were delivered to the cellulose substrates in homogeneous solutions of ethanol or acetone as well as aqueous emulsions. Surface modification was facilitated by solvent evaporation followed by heating between 110 and 120 8C for 60 min. All oils, except for coconut, produced hydrophobic and less water-absorbing cotton, supporting the desirable role of higher unsaturation in the fatty acids to achieve crosslinked network. The most hydrophobic surfaces were obtained by the reaction with 1% soybean oil in acetone. On both bleached and scoured cotton, a water contact angle of 808 and water absorption value of 0.82 mL/mg were achieved. The acquired hydrophobicity was not only retained after water washing but also improved with subsequent exposures to elevated temperatures. The surface tension of scoured cotton cellulose was lowered from 63.81 mJ/m 2 to 25.74 mJ/m 2 when modified by soybean oil delivered in acetone, which is lower than that of poly(ethylene terephthalate). An aqueous emulsion of soybean oil also rendered the scoured cotton hydrophobic, which shows promise for a green chemistry and bio-based approach to achieve water repellency on cellulosic materials.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surface modification of cellulose with plant triglycerides for hydrophobicity

2007

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“…Imparting water repellency to cotton fabric has previously been done by coating with perfluoro ester aziridines, 18,19 zirconium compounds, 20 crosslinking of fluorocarbon resins, 21 and by low-degree substitution of long-chain alkyl groups. 22 All these methods are time consuming, use wet chemistry, and may cause environmental pollution because of the use of additives and catalysts. In addition, treated cotton fabric may lose some important characteristics such as comfort.…”

Section: Cotton Fabric Graft Copolymerizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cotton fabric graft copolymerization using microwave plasma. I. Universal attenuated total reflectance–FTIR study

Abidi

Héquet

2004

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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ABSTRACT:The effect of microwave plasma on lightweight cotton fabric was investigated. N 2 -plasma, O 2 -plasma, and Ar-plasma were obtained using a microwave generator at 2.45 GHz under vacuum. The universal attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transform infrared (UATR-FTIR) instrument was used to monitor the changes created after N 2 -, O 2 -, and Ar-plasma treatments. The exposure of cotton fabrics to the plasma for 240 s with a microwave power of 500 W was sufficient to create active carbonyl groups, as shown by the presence of a peak around 1725 cm Ϫ1 in the FTIR spectra of the treated cotton fabrics. Arplasma was found to generate more active groups than N 2 -and O 2 -plasmas. The active centers created within the cellulose chains were used to initiate copolymerization reactions with vinyl monomers to impart hydrophobic character to lightweight cotton fabric. The efficiency of the grafting process and the presence of grafted monomers on fabric surface were confirmed using UATR-FTIR. Testing of treated fabric revealed that excellent water repellency was obtained. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 93: [145][146][147][148][149][150][151][152][153][154] 2004

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“…1986 (A-3) as described before [ 16], except that th< temperature was 60°C throughout. Tensile strength anc elongation of the test fabric, 40 mm long and 20 mn wide, were tested before and after laundering at a strait rate of 15 mm/minute.…”

Section: Flame Retardancymentioning

confidence: 99%