Durability of cement mortars incorporating limestone filler exposed to sodium sulfate solution

Ryou, Jae-Suk; Lee, Seungtae; Park, Daewook; Kim, Seong-Soo; Jung, Hye-Mi

doi:10.1007/s12205-012-0457-4

Cited by 14 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…The formation of carbonated products was expected unless the exposure environment is prevented from carbonation, 38 whereas thaumasite would have been formed due to the interaction of sulfate and carbonated phases with the C─S─H. It is also true that beside carbonation cluster, low temperature and highly humid conditions favor the thaumasite formation 16 . In BFS‐free system, the intensity of degradation products can be characterized as weak and crumbled corroborated by the constant strength gain (Figure 5) and minimal weight loss data (Figure 11) owing to the dearth of 273% CaO content in the BFS‐free system compared to BFS‐blended system (Table 2) as well as less formation of Ca‐based products (Figure 12 left) enabling less decalcification within the exposure period of this study.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They reported that the performance of all blended cement mortar was better than that of the control mortar specimens due to the nonexistence or reduction in the quantity of portlandite. The destructive nature of PC mortar is reflected by the coexistence of gypsum, ettringite, and thaumasite 15,16 . Several other researchers 10,17–19 also reported superior durability characteristics of FA, lignite bottom ash, lithomarge/kaolin, cement kiln dust, electric arc furnace slag, and ground lead smelted slag‐based AABs compared to PC counterparts immersed in 5% Na 2 SO 4 for up to 360 days.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

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Sodium sulfate resistance of alkali/slag activated silico–manganese fume‐based composites

Nasir

Johari

Maslehuddin

et al. 2020

Structural Concrete

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The durability of alkali‐activated silico–manganese fume (SMF)‐based mortar specimens was investigated by immersing them in 5% Na2SO4 solution and water (controlled environment) for up to 40 weeks. The effect of blast furnace slag (BFS) content [R = BFS/(BFS + SMF) = 0 and 0.3] and alkali concentration (4 and 10 M NaOHaq) was studied. Visual appearance, variation in alkalinity, mass loss, compressive strength, and microstructural changes were recorded. The maximum strength of 49.4 MPa was noted in BFS‐blended high‐alkaline binder system while the ultimate residual strength and mass loss were 88.8% and − 2.4%, respectively. The high sulfate‐resistance of this binder is attributed to the dense matrix resulting from the formation of C─S─H, K─A─S─H, and C─Mn─H. BFS‐blended mild‐alkaline system exhibited incomplete precursor dissolution thereby gaining a moderate strength of 39.6 MPa with the residual strength and mass loss of 74.1%and − 4.4%, respectively. The decomposition of the specimens on exposure to Na2SO4 may be ascribed to high pH differential from the mobility of Na+, SO42−, and OH− in and out of the mortar leading to formation of additional gypsum and calcite. The BFS‐free system displayed excellent stability under sulfate environment owing to the dearth of Ca in SMF. This was notably aided by increased precipitation of quartz together with the formation of degradation products and despite that still attained low strength of about 20 MPa. It is postulated that Ca/Si, Ca/Mn, Si/Mn, Ca/K, and Si/K ratios are the controlling factors influencing the sulfate‐resistance of the developed binders.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Sodium sulfate resistance of alkali/slag activated silico–manganese fume‐based composites

Nasir

Johari

Maslehuddin

et al. 2020

Structural Concrete

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“…Figure 13-1 presents the expansion ratio (PLC/OPC) of mortars with plain cements subjected to sodium sulfate solution according to ASTM C1012 at different amounts of limestone in the mixture [156][157][158][159]. Similarly, Figure 13-2 presents the expansion ratio (PLC/OPC) of mortars with SCMs subjected to sodium sulfate solution according to ASTM C1012 at different amounts of limestone in the mixture [160][161][162][163].…”

Section: Background and Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

CALTRANS: Impact of the Use of Portland-Limestone Cement on Concrete Performance as Plain or Reinforced Material

Bharawadj¹,

Chopperla²,

Choudhary³

et al. 2021

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“…Simultaneously, the effects of mineral admixtures including fly ash, slag, limestone, silica fume, ground bagasse ash, micro-particle additives on the mechanical properties of mortars were investigated [1,26,27]. For example, Ryou et al [28] represented the relationship of the replacement ratio and limestone on durability of mortar, and the results demonstrated that both the high fineness level and the replacement ratio had a negative effect in resisting sodium sulfate attacks. Chindaprasirt et al [29] discussed the effect of fly ash fineness on strength, drying shrinkage, and sulfate resistance; they presented that the fly ashes can have a significant improvement in drying shrinkage and resistance to sulfuric acid attack.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Erosion Form and Admixture on Cement Mortar Performances Exposed to Sulfate Environment

Liu

Chen

2020

Crystals

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The effects of the admixtures, erosion age, concentration of sulfate solution, and erosion form of sulfate attack on the mechanical properties of mortar were investigated. Simultaneously, the microstructure, pore characteristics, kinds and morphologies of erosion products of mortar before and after sulfate attacks were performed by Mercury Intrusion Porosimetry (MIP), Environment Scanning Electronic Microscope and Energy Dispersive Spectrometer (ESEM-EDS). In addition, the crystal form and morphology characteristics of crystallization on mortar surfaces attacked by partial immersion form were studied. The results showed that the compressive and flexural strengths of mortar attacked by sulfate for four months decreased with the increase of the replacement of cement with fly ash, and the corresponding strength of mortar containing slag first increased and then decreased. The admixtures can improve the microstructure and mechanical properties of mortar within the replacement ratio of 10%. Although the change laws of the mortar specimens containing different admixtures were similar, the mortar containing slag had an excellent sulfate resistance under the same condition. Compared with the complete immersion form, the strength variation of the mortar containing fly ash attacked by semi-immersion form was less. The porosity and average pore diameter of mortar attacked by sulfate for four months increased, and the percentage of micropore with the pore diameter less than 200 nm increased. Plenty of rod-like and plate-like erosion products were generated in mortar attacked by a sulfate solution with a high concentration. A larger number of fibrous and flocculent crystallization covered the mortar’s surface containing fly ash, but it was a granular and dense crystallization formed on the mortar’s surface containing slag. Much dendritic erosion product was generated in the mortar attacked by semi-immersion form, and ESEM-EDS analysis revealed that it may be scawtite, spurrite, and residue of the decomposed calcium silicate hydrate (CSH) in the inner mortar; however, the crystallization sodium sulfate was crystallized on mortar surface.

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Durability of cement mortars incorporating limestone filler exposed to sodium sulfate solution

Cited by 14 publications

References 36 publications

Sodium sulfate resistance of alkali/slag activated silico–manganese fume‐based composites

Sodium sulfate resistance of alkali/slag activated silico–manganese fume‐based composites

CALTRANS: Impact of the Use of Portland-Limestone Cement on Concrete Performance as Plain or Reinforced Material

Effects of Erosion Form and Admixture on Cement Mortar Performances Exposed to Sulfate Environment

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