Durability Estimates of Copper Plated Electrodes for Self-sensing CFRP Composites

Todoroki, Akira; Suzuki, Kensuke; Mizutani, Yoshihiro; Matsuzaki, Ryosuke

doi:10.1299/jmmp.4.610

Cited by 31 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…This step is very important because the main conducting elements in a CFRP composite are often the carbon fibers which must be connected to the electrodes. Materials commonly used in the electrodes are silver paste, copper, carbon cement or graphite, and several routes have been devised to apply the electrodes to the target surface, including electroplating [4], painting [46], sputtering [46] and printing [23,29]. Copper electroplating [42] has been reported to have high repeatability and durability [4] but the method requires uniform removal of the surface resin.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Laser-based surface preparation of composite laminates leads to improved electrodes for electrical measurements

Almuhammadi

Selvakumaran

Alfano

et al. 2015

Applied Surface Science

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Laserbased surface preparation of composite laminates leads to improved electrodes for electrical measurements, Applied Surface Science (2015), http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc. 2015.10.086 This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain.Page 1 of 32 A c c e p t e d M a n u s c r i p t AbstractElectrical impedance tomography (EIT) is a low-cost, fast and effective structural health monitoring technique that can be used on carbon fiber reinforced polymers (CFRP). Electrodes are a key component of any EIT system and as such they should feature low resistivity as well as high robustness and reproducibility. Surface preparation is required prior to bonding of electrodes. Currently this task is mostly carried out by traditional sanding. However this is a time consuming procedure which can also induce damage to surface fibers and lead to spurious electrode properties. Here we propose an alternative processing technique based on the use of pulsed laser irradiation. The processing parameters that result in selective removal of the electrically insulating resin with minimum surface fiber damage are identified.A quantitative analysis of the electrical contact resistance is presented and the results are compared with those obtained using sanding.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Surface preparation is usually accomplished by sanding [4], which involves manual removal of the resin layer through the use of several grades of sand paper. Previous studies have described the limitations of sanding [51]: it is a manual technique that is dependent on the operator and which leads to non-repeatable results.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Laser-based surface preparation of composite laminates leads to improved electrodes for electrical measurements

Almuhammadi

Selvakumaran

Alfano

et al. 2015

Applied Surface Science

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“…1. On one side of the specimen surface, four copper electrodes of 5 mm width were affixed, using the copper plating method described in an earlier report [18]. After producing the electrodes, the specimens were kept in a muffle furnace at 50°C for 20 hr, to prevent the effects of moisture absorption.…”

Section: Specimens and Fatigue Test Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fatigue damage detection of CFRP using the electrical resistance change method

Todoroki¹,

Mizutani²,

Suzuki³

et al. 2013

International Journal of Aeronautical and Space Sciences

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Electrical resistance change measurements were performed, to detect fatigue damage of a quasi-isotropic CFRP and cross-ply CFRP laminates. A four-probe method was used to measure the exact electrical resistance change. A three-probe method was used to measure the electrical contact resistance change, during long cyclic loading. The specimen side surface was observed using a video-microscope to detect damage. The measured electrical resistance changes were compared with the observed damage. The results of this study show that the electrical resistance increase of the quasi-isotropic laminate was caused by a delamination crack between ±45° plies. Matrix cracking caused a small electrical resistance increase of the cross-ply laminate, but the decreased electrical resistance caused by the shear-plastic deformation impedes matrix-cracking detection.

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“…As a result, the existence of damage and its location can be determined. The distance L from the input end to the damage is calculated using the following equation (6) .…”

Section: Principle Of Tdr Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Damage Monitoring of CFRP Plate Using Self-Sensing TDR Method

Kurokawa

Todoroki²,

Mizutani³

2012

JMMP

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Laminated CFRP structures are applied to many aerospace structures. Although CFRP laminates have high specific strength and specific stiffness, an impact load easily creates damage such as delamination cracking, matrix cracking, and fiber breakage. Damage to laminated CFRP is usually difficult to detect by visual inspection. As a result, damage monitoring systems are required for large laminated CFRP structures. Many researchers have already proposed self-sensing monitoring systems which measure electrical resistance changes in the laminated CFRP. This method, however, requires a lot of electrodes. In the present study, a new time domain reflectometry (TDR) method using an electrical pulse signal and reinforcement carbon fiber sensors is adopted as a monitoring method. The method is applied to a 2-m long CFRP strip plate specimen to detect an ideal damage mechanical notch using a reflected pulse signal. In addition, the effect of the orthotropic conductance of the CFRP plate is experimentally investigated using multiple electrodes, and is shown to be negligible.

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Durability Estimates of Copper Plated Electrodes for Self-sensing CFRP Composites

Cited by 31 publications

References 9 publications

Laser-based surface preparation of composite laminates leads to improved electrodes for electrical measurements

Laser-based surface preparation of composite laminates leads to improved electrodes for electrical measurements

Fatigue damage detection of CFRP using the electrical resistance change method

Damage Monitoring of CFRP Plate Using Self-Sensing TDR Method

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