Dual-Source Self-Start High-Efficiency Microscale Smart Energy Harvesting System for IoT

Elhebeary, Mahmoud; Ibrahim, Mahmoud A. A.; Aboudina, Mohamed M.; Mohieldin, Ahmed N.

doi:10.1109/tie.2017.2714119

Cited by 64 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 10 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…A low-power battery-less energy harvesting system implemented in a CMOS−130 nm technology for IoT applications used a dual-mode DC-DC converter to harvest solar and kinetic energy via photovoltaic and piezoelectric transducers, respectively (Elhebeary et al, 2018). A supercapacitor was used as the storage.…”

Section: Cmos Technology-based Harvesters and Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On-chip, there were also a programmable switch to optimize the efficiency of the system and a maximum power point tracking circuit (MPPT). This circuit realized self-starting and a peak efficiency of 90.5% (the ratio of rectified energy to harvested energy) (Elhebeary et al, 2018). Meanwhile, a triple-source hybrid circuit implemented in a CMOS−180 nm technology managed simultaneously to extract thermal energy via a thermoelectric harvester and vibration via electromagnetic and piezoelectric harvesters, and then deliver a single DC output (Ulusan et al, 2018).…”

Section: Cmos Technology-based Harvesters and Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Hybrid, Multi-Source, and Integrated Energy Harvesters

2018

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Energy harvesting is one of the most rapidly growing of the emerging technologies. This field has arrived at the hybrid and multi-source era, where hybrid structures and novel materials are able to boost the energy conversion efficiency and/or make the harvesters capable of benefitting from multiple energy sources simultaneously. Such hybrid and multi-source energy harvesters have not frequently been reviewed in the past, potentially because of the small number of publications compared to that of their single-source and individual counterparts. However, as their number is becoming larger, it is now necessary to give sufficient and frequent reviews of developments in the field. Furthermore, an increasing number of developed energy harvesters are moving out of the laboratory into industrial markets. In practice, energy harvesters need to be integrated with energy storage and/or end users such as sensors and wireless sensor networks. Therefore, the harvester-storage and harvester-sensor integration systems also need to be reviewed frequently. This mini review includes works reported in the first half of 2018 and provides a timely update to the published review. It focuses on the abovementioned hybrid and multi-source energy harvesters as well as on integrated harvesters, energy storage systems and end users (e.g., sensors), including CMOS (complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor) technology-based harvesters and systems.

show abstract

Section: Cmos Technology-based Harvesters and Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Cmos Technology-based Harvesters and Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hybrid, Multi-Source, and Integrated Energy Harvesters

2018

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…To find the optimal frequency to operate the SC converter at, the PCE expression is differentiated with respect to f SW . As shown in (13), the optimal f SW that yields the peak efficiency (f SW-OPT ) is linearly proportional to the nonoverlapping time. To find the P IN at which this occurs (P IN-OPT ), f SW-OPT from (13) can be substituted into (4) and (10) to find P PAR and P ROUT at that frequency.…”

Section: B Theoretical Analysis Of Maximum Efficiency At Desired Inpmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As shown in (14), the optimal P IN is also linearly proportional to d NOL . Note that since C FLY is at least two orders of magnitude larger than C GGtot , C GGtot is dropped when dominated by C FLY to simplify the expressions in (13) and (14). It can be seen that lower d NOL enables operating at lower f SW , which reduces parasitic power losses and consequently reduces P IN_OPT .…”

Section: B Theoretical Analysis Of Maximum Efficiency At Desired Inpmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…AC sources such as vibration and RF sources may also be used [12]- [14]. However, the harvested voltage is often below 0.6V, which is too low to charge batteries or power CMOS circuits and will require boosting to a higher voltage [13], [15]. Since wearable and implantable applications are size-constrained, fully-integrated, switched-capacitor (SC), or Charge Pump (CP) based up-converters are preferred over boost converters, because the latter requires a large off-chip inductor [16], [17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

An Input Power-Aware Efficiency Tracking Technique With Discontinuous Charging for Energy Harvesting Applications

2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This paper proposes a discontinuous charging technique for switched-capacitor converters that improves the power conversion efficiency (PCE) at low power levels and extends the input power harvesting range at which high PCE is achievable. Discontinuous charging delivers current to energy storage only during clock non-overlap time. This enables tuning of the output current to minimize converter losses based on the available input power. Based on this fundamental result, an input power-aware, two-dimensional efficiency tracking technique for Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) nodes is presented. In addition to conventional switching frequency control, clock non-overlap time control is introduced to adaptively optimize PCE according to the sensed ambient power levels. The proposed technique is designed and simulated in 90nm CMOS with post-layout extraction. Under the same input and output conditions, the proposed system maintains at least 45% PCE at 4µW input power, as opposed to a conventional continuous system which requires at least 18.7µW to maintain the same PCE. Therefore, the input power harvesting range is extended by 1.5x. The technique is applied to a wearable WSN implementation utilizing the IEEE 802.15.4-compatible GreenNet communications protocol. This allows the node to meet specifications and achieve energy autonomy when deployed in environments where the input power is 49% lower than what is required for conventional operation.

show abstract

Implementing the Internet of Things for Renewable Energy

Hassan¹

2018

Internet of Things a to Z

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Dual-Source Self-Start High-Efficiency Microscale Smart Energy Harvesting System for IoT

Cited by 64 publications

References 10 publications

Hybrid, Multi-Source, and Integrated Energy Harvesters

Hybrid, Multi-Source, and Integrated Energy Harvesters

An Input Power-Aware Efficiency Tracking Technique With Discontinuous Charging for Energy Harvesting Applications

Implementing the Internet of Things for Renewable Energy

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About