2017
DOI: 10.3332/ecancer.2017.721
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Dual role of inflammatory mediators in cancer

Abstract: Inflammation is the body’s response to noxious stimuli such as infectious, physiological or chemical agents, it releases various inflammatory mediators via immune cells such as neutrophils, macrophages, and lymphocytes. These inflammatory mediators are growth factors, chemokines, and cytokines. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and nitrogen species (RNS) activate transcriptional factors (NF-KB, STAT-3) and bring about cellular proliferation, genomic instability, angiogenesis, resistance to apoptosis, invasion, and… Show more

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Cited by 133 publications
(119 citation statements)
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References 31 publications
(60 reference statements)
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“…Also involved in autoimmune diseases by immune suppression, conversion of Th1 type lymphocyte to Th2 type, activation of proteolytic enzymes like MMPs (matrix metalloproteases) results in cellular changes ,tissue damage, and chronic inflammatory conditions by activating cytokines such as IL-1, TNF-α, IL-6 [6][7][8][9]. Stress buster activity by reducing cortisol, neuropeptides through HPA axis (hypothalamo-pituitary adrenal axis) and inhibiting activation of sympathetic nervous system and activation of parasympathetic nervous system of autonomic nervous system, which is involved in anti-inflammatory activity and peripheral immunity [10][11][12][13].…”
Section: Commentarymentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Also involved in autoimmune diseases by immune suppression, conversion of Th1 type lymphocyte to Th2 type, activation of proteolytic enzymes like MMPs (matrix metalloproteases) results in cellular changes ,tissue damage, and chronic inflammatory conditions by activating cytokines such as IL-1, TNF-α, IL-6 [6][7][8][9]. Stress buster activity by reducing cortisol, neuropeptides through HPA axis (hypothalamo-pituitary adrenal axis) and inhibiting activation of sympathetic nervous system and activation of parasympathetic nervous system of autonomic nervous system, which is involved in anti-inflammatory activity and peripheral immunity [10][11][12][13].…”
Section: Commentarymentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Catacholamines may promote cancer cell attachments, norepinephrine and epinephrine promote migration and invasive potential of ovarian cancer cells by increasing MmP-2,9 important for tumor invasion. Stress hormones including norepinephrine promote tumor progression, angiogenesis by production of IL-6, VEGF activates STAT3 transcriptional factor involved in cell proliferation and cell survival [3,10,11]. Chronic stress affects recruitment of neutrophils, NK, macrophages, APCs, T and B lymphocytes.…”
Section: Role Of Stress In Cancermentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Leukemia's are due to chemical ingestions, HPV induced oropharyngeal carcinoma and cervical cancer. Endorphins are endogenous morphins responsible for relaxed psychological state creation known as "runner's high" [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Chronic inflammation results from persistent inflammatory stimuli (infectious, physical or chemical agents) triggering the release of inflammatory mediators 4 and the activation of endothelial cells and the immune system, leading to angiogenesis 5 .…”
Section: ■ Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%