Dual Role of Fas/FasL-Mediated Signal in Peripheral Immune Tolerance

Abstract

Fas-mediated apoptosis contributes to physiological and pathological cellular processes, such as differentiation and survival. In particular, the roles of Fas in immune cells are complex and critical for the maintenance of immune tolerance. The precise pathways and unique functions associated with Fas/FasL-mediated signaling in the immune system are known. The dual character of Fas/FasL-mediated immune regulation that induces beneficial or harmful effects is associated with the onset or development of immune disorders. Studies on mutations in genes encoding Fas and FasL gene of humans and mice contributed to our understanding of the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases. Here, we review the opposing functions of Fas/FasL-mediated signaling, bilateral effects of Fas/FasL on in immune cells, and complex pathogenesis of autoimmunity mediated by Fas/FasL.

Fas-positive lymphocytes are associated with systemic inflammation in obstructive sleep apnea syndrome

“…The negative correlation of oxygen saturation with Fas expression seems to confirm this hypothesis. Recently obtained data showing the pivotal role of the Fas/FasL signaling pathway in maintaining the homeostasis of immune system [6] supports the value of our study.…”

“…Fas (CD95) is a death receptor and belongs to the tumor necrosis factor receptor (TNFR) superfamily. Recently, its role in the modulation of immune response was described and it was found that the role of Fas/FasL pathway is wider than previously thought [4–6]. It was described, among others, that Fas/FasL signaling contributes to antigen-presenting cell activation, activation-induced cell death of T cells and thus to a maintenance of T cells homeostasis, Th17 differentiation, and precocious differentiation of memory T cells [4–6].…”

“…Recently, its role in the modulation of immune response was described and it was found that the role of Fas/FasL pathway is wider than previously thought [4–6]. It was described, among others, that Fas/FasL signaling contributes to antigen-presenting cell activation, activation-induced cell death of T cells and thus to a maintenance of T cells homeostasis, Th17 differentiation, and precocious differentiation of memory T cells [4–6]. Therefore, the relationship of Fas-positive cells with markers of systemic inflammation, metabolic complications, OSA severity, and inflammatory cytokine concentration was of interest to this study.…”

CCR9 signaling in dendritic cells drives the differentiation of Foxp3+ Tregs and suppresses the allergic IgE response in the gut

“…This observed discrepancy might be due to the overlapping phenotypic marker to distinct DCs population [17]. Previous studies have shown that migratory DCs express different phenotypic markers during maturation and antigen presentation [35,44,45]. Surprisingly, we observed that CCR9 + DCs have immature phenotype as confirmed by reduced expression of MHC II and CD86, and increased expression of LAP and FasL.…”

Evaluation of soluble concentration Fas and Fas ligand in maternal and cord blood 3rd trimester of pregnancy

“…In the course of pregnancy modulation of immune response occurs to prevent pregnancy from rejection of allogenic graft. Immunomodulation could be connected to changes in apoptosis intensification and could cause lowering this processes [1][2][3][4]. In the course of pregnancy increase of vascular bed capacity and growing need of oxygen transporting molecules could cause slowing down apoptosis processes in bone marrow.…”