Objectives: A proper implantation of trophoblastic cells and an appropriate metalloproteinases activity is required to cause disintegration of basal membranes of cells. The activity of tissue matrix metaloproteinases can be inhibited by their matrix inhibitors -TIMP-s. Survivin is a member of inhibitor of apoptosis proteins family (IAP), that suppresses caspase activation, influences VEGF expression and promotes proliferative action of endothelial cells.
Material and methods:The aim of the study was to assess concentrations of two independent anti-apoptotic factors. TIMP-1 and survivin in serum of women in their third trimester of pregnancy and in umbilical cord blood of neonates -drawn separately from veins and arteries. The study group consisted of 29 pregnant women in physiological pregnancy and with correct fetal development, in gestational age between 37 to 40 weeks of gestation. Blood used in the study was collected from maternal cubital fossa veins and from neonatal umbilical cords (from veins and from arteries separately). The research was conducted using TIMP-1 and Survivin ELISA kits from R & D Systems according to manufacturers' recommendations and protocols.
Results:The concentrations of TIMP-1 were similar and independent of the source of blood samples. Arterial values of TIMP-1 in umbilical cord compared to maternal and fetal veins were slightly lower, but no statistical difference was found. The mean concentrations of Survivin were comparable but we found that in some cases the results in cord blood serum in both vessels-vein and arteries were almost negative. Arterial values of Survivin in umbilical cord compared to maternal blood were higher, but no statistical difference was found.
Conclusions:In III-rd trimester of pregnancy parameters of Timp-1 and Survivin -anti-apoptotic substances concentration were similar in maternal and cord blood in both artery and vein. We found no increased activity of selected antiapoptotic factors.
Objectives: Anemia in pregnant women is a common condition, diagnosed when the concentration of hemoglobin falls below 11 g/dL. Taking into consideration the accounts of nephrologists about good results of treatment of secondary anemia using erythropoietin in patients with renal failure, we tried to use EPO to cure anemia in pregnant women. The aim of the study was to evaluate the results of EPO treatment on pregnant women diagnosed with iron deficiency anemia, as well as possible side effects. Material and methods: The study consisted of 25 patients: Group I-treated with iron supplement administered parenterally-Ferrum Lek every two days intramuscularly. Group II-treated with recombinant human erythropoietin-1000 j intravenously every three days, with oral iron supplements. Results: After a week of treatment the positive response was higher in the second group (92.3% in II, vs 33.3% in I, p < 0.005). The average increase of hemoglobin and RBC was significantly higher in II group. An increase in hemoglobin did not correlate with the age of women (r = 0.07) or with the duration of pregnancy (r = 0.08). However, a negative correlation was found between basic hemoglobin level and its increase after treatment (r = 0.602). Conclusions: EPO administered with the oral dose of iron in pregnant women with anemia caused by iron deficiency shows higher effectiveness than the use of iron preparations parenterally. The usage of EPO during pregnancy is not related to any dangerous side effects for the mother or fetus.
Obtained results suggest no influence of sFas and FasL production on fetal organism apoptosis. Lowering of sFas concentration in fetal blood could mean the increase of apoptosis in fetal organism compared to maternal. Higher concentration of FasL in cord blood than in mothers suggests higher apoptosis intensification in fetal circulation and no influence of blood flow across placenta on its concentration.
Conclusion: This report continues to demonstrate fatal outcomes associated with Clostridial sepsis, particularly in patients with an underlying gynaecological malignancy. These two cases occurred within a few months of each other and show many similarities. This highlights that Clostridial sepsis leading to myometrial necrosis should be more readily considered in patients presenting with a probable gynaecological malignancy and pyrexia. Unfortunately both of these cases ended with the patients' death however cases in the literature have reported patient recovery following early surgical intervention and antibiotic treatment. These illustrate that prompt diagnosis can allow for appropriate management and counselling for the patients and relatives.
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