Dual-Modal Imaging and Synergistic Spinal Tumor Therapy Enabled by Hierarchical-Structured Nanofibers with Cascade Release and Postoperative Anti-adhesion

Abstract

Most treatments for spinal cancer are accompanied by serious side effects including subsequent tumor recurrence, spinal cord compression, and tissue adhesion, thus a highly effective treatment is crucial for preserving spinal and neurological functionalities. Herein, trilayered electrospun doxorubicin@bovine serum albumin/poly­(ε-caprolactone)/manganese dioxide (DOX@BSA/PCL/MnO2) nanofibers with excellent antiadhesion ability, dual glutathione/hydrogen peroxide (GSH/H2O2) responsiveness, and cascade release of Mn2+/DOX was fabricated for realizing an efficient spinal tumor therapy. In detail, Fenton-like reactions between MnO2 in the fibers outermost layer and intra-/extracellular glutathione within tumors promoted the first-order release of Mn2+. Then, sustained release of DOX from the fibers’ core layer occurred along with the infiltration of degradation fluid. Such release behavior avoided toxic side effects of drugs, regulated inflammatory tumor microenvironment, amplified tumor elimination efficiency through synergistic chemo-/chemodynamic therapies, and inhibited recurrence of spinal tumors. More interestingly, magnetic resonance and photoacoustic dual-modal imaging enabled visualizations of tumor therapy and material degradation in vivo, achieving rapid pathological analysis and diagnosis. On the whole, such versatile hierarchical-structured nanofibers provided a reference for rapid and potent theranostic of spinal cancer in future clinical translations.

Prevention strategies of postoperative adhesion in soft tissues by applying biomaterials: Based on the mechanisms of occurrence and development of adhesions

“…Hence, some efforts were devoted to using superhydrophobic materials. Qian et al [ 194 ] prepared an electrospun DOX@bovine serum albumin/poly(ε-caprolactone)/MnO 2 (DOX@BSA/PCL/MnO 2 ) membrane. The membrane exhibited hydrophobic characteristics because of the hydrophobic PCL spinning, which had been demonstrated to play a crucial role in the significant spinal anti-adhesion property of membrane.…”

“…Constructing double-layer or multilayer materials with excellent structural stability is the most used strategy. Among them, Janus porous hydrogel [ 175 , 288 ], hydrogel-electrospinning system [ 177 ], electrospinning-electrospinning system [ 334 ], electrospinning-cast film system [ 335 ], electrospinning-sheet system [ 336 , 337 ], sponge-hydrogel system [ 338 ], aerogel-electrospinning system [ 339 ] and layer-by-layer surface coating [ 340 ] show superiority and need wider application and research. In addition, the surface coating technology such as “hydrogel skin” [ 219 , 341 ] exhibited priority.…”

Recent Advances in Nanoplatform Construction Strategy for Alleviating Tumor Hypoxia

“…It also interacts with GSH and H 2 O 2 to generate Mn 2+ and •OH to achieve CDT (Figure 10b). [118] In addition to MnO 2 , [140][141][142][143] other manganese oxide-based catalytic nanoplatforms such as MnO and Mn 3 O 4 can also undergo Fenton-like reactions. [119][120]144]…”

Multifunctional Nanotheranostics for Dual-Modal Imaging-Guided Precision Therapy of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma

“…In parallel, a growing number of research studies have concentrated on the integration of imaging-guided diagnosis and precise treatment in the field of theranostic nanotechnology. − Nanotechnology could improve stability, tumor targeting capability, and biocompatibility of agents, − as well as further enhance the image contrast between tumor lesions and normal tissues. , Different imaging techniques possess their unique pros and cons, so it is common to combine two or more imaging modalities to improve diagnostic accuracy and sensitivity. − Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the most powerful noninvasive imaging technique for its superb spatial resolution, unlimited penetration depth, and nonionizing radiation damage . However, MRI still suffers from low sensitivity due to the poor tumor targeting and accumulation of Gd-DTPA, the most commonly used MRI T 1 contrast agent (CA), which limits the wide biomedical applications for diagnosis at the early stage of tumors. − Fluorescence imaging (FI), another widely used imaging technique, has high sensitivity and specificity but low tissue resolution and restricted tissue penetration depth, which restricts its imaging application in the clinical field. , Hence, a nano-CA combining FI and MRI not only overcomes the inherent limitations of each imaging technique but also prevents false-positive diagnoses that can occur with a single imaging modality.…”