Dual-Frequency Microwave Resonant Sensor to Detect Noninvasive Glucose-Level Changes Through the Fingertip

Kiani, Sina; Rezaei, Pejman; Fakhr, Mina

doi:10.1109/tim.2021.3052011

Cited by 97 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 67 publications

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“…The weaknesses of this setup are complex processing and being time-consuming. Sensing glucose level with an FD resonant method utilizing VNA and coplanar waveguide was presented in [ 8 , 10 ]. These two setups required an accurate and expensive VNA that could detect about 1.34 MHz resonant shift per mg/dL.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These days, electromagnetic waves have been used for various medical applications, including blood glucose measurement [ 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 ], skin cancer [ 13 ], and breast cancer [ 14 ]. Blood glucose measurement has been researched in different frequency ranges, from radiofrequency [ 11 ] to the infrared range [ 12 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Most of the MS-based glucose-sensing research is based on the resonant method [ 2 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 15 ]. The whole concept of these references is measuring the resonant frequency shift by changing glucose concentration.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, using the quality factor of the resonator instead of resonant frequency is another method for the characterization of the glucose and water solution. In [ 8 , 10 ], detecting glucose levels up to about 270 mg/dL through fingerprints has been proposed using a microwave sensor and vector network analyzer (VNA). Researchers typically first establish sensing schemes for glucose in water and then advance further, studying glucose in the blood.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Feasibility Study of Glucose Concentration Measurement of Aqueous Solution Using Time Domain Reflected Signals

Saeedi

Chamaani

Fischer

2022

Sensors

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Recently, wideband microwave spectroscopy (WBMS) has been applied for material characterization. Blood glucose sensing through microwave spectroscopy is usually done with resonant frequency-domain methods. Time-domain (TD) WBMS is a low-cost and convenient technique that can be used for glucose sensing of the aqueous solution. In this paper, early research for the implementation of a TD dielectric spectroscopy setup for glucose concentration measurement is presented. TD reflected signals from water with different glucose content are calculated using inverse Laplace transform. The proposed setup is a quasi-monostatic setup in which measurements are done with two different devices in the frequency range of 0.1 to 6 GHz to make a comparison between frequency domain (FD) and TD methods. Frequency domain (FD) measurement is performed with VNA and two Vivaldi antennas. Then, TD data is obtained using the transforming option of VNA. Direct TD measurement is operated with a maximum length sequence (m-sequence) transceiver. Measurement and numerical results follow the same trend and show good agreement with each other. A monotonic relation between peaks of TD signals and the corresponding glucose concentration is achieved. The variation of the height of the reflected signal’s peak is 0.00002 and 0.0005 for each 50 mg/dl glucose concentration with FD measurements and direct TD measurements, respectively. The glucose concentration range of 25 mg/dl to 400 mg/dl is investigated, and the worst repeatability of this method is 3.65% for 300 mg/dl.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Feasibility Study of Glucose Concentration Measurement of Aqueous Solution Using Time Domain Reflected Signals

Saeedi

Chamaani

Fischer

2022

Sensors

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…It is a direct relation of glucose concentration with the dielectric characteristics of tissue dependent on the resonant frequency. For instance, Kiani et al [256] proposed a system for continuous glucose monitoring. It functioned on a microwave resonant sensor at two frequencies/channels of 5.5 and 8.5 GHz and with a quality factor of 180 and 106, respectively.…”

Section: Glucose Sensorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

E-Skin: The Dawn of a New Era of On-Body Monitoring Systems

et al. 2021

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Real-time “on-body” monitoring of human physiological signals through wearable systems developed on flexible substrates (e-skin) is the next target in human health control and prevention, while an alternative to bulky diagnostic devices routinely used in clinics. The present work summarizes the recent trends in the development of e-skin systems. Firstly, we revised the material development for e-skin systems. Secondly, aspects related to fabrication techniques were presented. Next, the main applications of e-skin systems in monitoring, such as temperature, pulse, and other bio-electric signals related to health status, were analyzed. Finally, aspects regarding the power supply and signal processing were discussed. The special features of e-skin as identified contribute clearly to the developing potential as in situ diagnostic tool for further implementation in clinical practice at patient personal levels.

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Investigation of Microwave Resonant Sensors for Use in Detecting Changes of Noninvasive Blood Glucose Concentration

Kiani,

Rezaei,

Fakhr

2023

Organic and Inorganic Materials Based Sensors

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Dual-Frequency Microwave Resonant Sensor to Detect Noninvasive Glucose-Level Changes Through the Fingertip

Cited by 97 publications

References 67 publications

Feasibility Study of Glucose Concentration Measurement of Aqueous Solution Using Time Domain Reflected Signals

Feasibility Study of Glucose Concentration Measurement of Aqueous Solution Using Time Domain Reflected Signals

E-Skin: The Dawn of a New Era of On-Body Monitoring Systems

Investigation of Microwave Resonant Sensors for Use in Detecting Changes of Noninvasive Blood Glucose Concentration

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