Dual Channel Broadcast using Phase-Only Directional Modulation System

Directional Modulation Design Under a Given Symbol-Independent Magnitude Constraint for Secure IoT Networks

“…Beamforming has been used to amplify signal power while avoding eavesdroppers and widely studied for IoT sensor networks [6][7][8]. Recently, directional modulation (DM) as a beamforming based technology has received significant attention with its ability to keep a known modulation scheme to the desired direction or directions but scramble the pattern in other directions [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23].…”

Symbol-independent weight magnitude design for antenna array based directional modulation

“…Directional mod- ✩ The work was supported by The Science & Technology Development Fund of Tianjin Education Commission for Higher Education 2019KJ087. ulation (DM) [3] as a beamforming based technique, which aims to transmit the information to the desired direction or directions with known constellation mappings, but with scrambled ones in other directions, has been studied extensively based on various antenna array configurations [4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13]. To overcome the inherent limitation of DM, where eavesdroppers and the desired users share the same received signal when they lie in the same direction of the antenna array, positional modulation (PM) designs were proposed as a further extension of DM, with the aid of either a reflecting surface [14] or multiple antenna arrays [15].…”

On the Implementation of a Dynamic Direction Modulation System with Vector Modulators

“…Phased arrays can be also used to generate directional modulation (DM) [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13]. This is an attractive option to achieve physical layer security since it is only necessary to know the direction of the legitimate receiver.…”

“…The hardware architectures of a DDM system with phased arrays mainly differ in the array feeding network implementation and we can distinguish: Fourier beamforming lens [5], radio frequency (RF) switch arrays [6][7][8], reconfigurable attenuators and/or phase shifters [9][10][11], and vector modulators [3,12,13]. In this work, we will consider the option of vector modulators ( Figure 1) since it is very flexible and allows us to easily implement DM synthesis methods [3] to obtain increased security and/or independent multichannel transmissions [12,13].…”

“…Another important result that can be derived from Figure 8 is that SNR decreases significantly with PE DM . A low scenario PE DM would be required in the case of a highly secure transmission or in the case of simultaneous multichannel transmissions to different observation angles as in [13]. Therefore, these applications demand an accurate measurement of the components of the system and the use of (11) to obtain S 21 mn .…”