Dual-Axis High-Data-Rate Atom Interferometer via Cold Ensemble Exchange

Rakholia, Akash; McGuinness, Hayden; Biedermann, Grant

doi:10.1103/physrevapplied.2.054012

Cited by 83 publications

(60 citation statements)

References 19 publications

(28 reference statements)

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“…The nature of their construction lends long term stability and intrinsic accuracy, making them compelling candidates for advancing our knowledge of gravitational physics. Recent work has shown the promise of this technology in a precision measurement of the gravitational constant [1,2] as well as precision gradiometry [3], single-atom-force sen sors [4], and navigation sensors [5][6][7][8][9]. New experiments aim to test the weak equivalence principle by measuring the differential acceleration between atom species in a dual species accelerometer [10,11], and future missions are being developed to deploy space-based gravity wave detectors [12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Testing gravity with cold-atom interferometers

et al. 2015

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We present a horizontal gravity gradiometer atom interferometer for precision gravitational tests. The horizontal configuration is superior for maximizing the inertial signal in the atom interferometer from a nearby proof mass.In our device, we have suppressed spurious noise associated with the horizonal configuration to achieve a differential acceleration sensitivity of 4 .2 x 10" 9 g /V T lz over a 70-cm baseline or 3.Ox 10-9 g /V H z inferred per accelerometer. Using the performance of this instrument, we characterize the results o f possible future gravitational tests. We demonstrate a statistical uncertainty o f 3 x l 0 " 4 for a proof-of-concept measurement of the gravitational constant that is competitive with the present limit of 1 .2 x 1 0 "4 using other techniques. From this measurement, we provide a statistical constraint on a Yukawa-type fifth force at 8 x l0~3 near the poorly known length scale of 10 cm. Limits approaching 10"5 appear feasible. We discuss improvements that can enable uncertainties falling well below 10-5 for both experiments.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Testing gravity with cold-atom interferometers

et al. 2015

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“…DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.115.103001 PACS numbers: 37.25.+k, 03.75.Be, 03.75.Dg Light-pulse atom interferometry (LPAI) is a preeminent method for precision measurements of inertial forces [1,2] and fundamental physical constants [3,4]. Highly sensitive LPAI systems may be an enabling technology for nextgeneration inertial navigators [5][6][7], gravitational wave detectors [8], and tests of the equivalence principle [9]. Nevertheless, many light-pulse atom interferometers are presently limited by atom beam splitters and mirrors that create small momentum separations (two photon recoil momenta) between diffracting wave packets.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Highly sensitive LPAI systems may be an enabling technology for nextgeneration inertial navigators [5][6][7], gravitational wave detectors [8], and tests of the equivalence principle [9]. Nevertheless, many light-pulse atom interferometers are presently limited by atom beam splitters and mirrors that create small momentum separations (two photon recoil momenta) between diffracting wave packets.…”

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confidence: 99%

Large-Area Atom Interferometry with Frequency-Swept Raman Adiabatic Passage

et al. 2015

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We demonstrate light-pulse atom interferometry with large-momentum-transfer atom optics based on stimulated Raman transitions and frequency-swept adiabatic rapid passage. Our atom optics have produced momentum splittings of up to 30 photon recoil momenta in an acceleration-sensitive interferometer for laser cooled atoms. We experimentally verify the enhancement of phase shift per unit acceleration and characterize interferometer contrast loss. By forgoing evaporative cooling and velocity selection, this method lowers the atom shot-noise-limited measurement uncertainty and enables large-area atom interferometry at higher data rates. DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.115.103001 PACS numbers: 37.25.+k, 03.75.Be, 03.75.Dg Light-pulse atom interferometry (LPAI) is a preeminent method for precision measurements of inertial forces [1,2] and fundamental physical constants [3,4]. Highly sensitive LPAI systems may be an enabling technology for nextgeneration inertial navigators [5][6][7], gravitational wave detectors [8], and tests of the equivalence principle [9]. Nevertheless, many light-pulse atom interferometers are presently limited by atom beam splitters and mirrors that create small momentum separations (two photon recoil momenta) between diffracting wave packets. The sensitivity of these interferometers typically increases with the effective area enclosed by the interfering wave packets [10]. Since this area is proportional to momentum separation, sensitivity can be enhanced using atom optics that generate large momentum transfer (LMT). Previous demonstrations of atom interferometry with LMT atom optics have taken several approaches, including sequential application of stimulated Raman transitions [11,12], Raman composite pulses [13], and stimulated Raman adiabatic rapid passage (STIRAP) pulses [14], as well as application of multiphoton-Bragg transitions [15][16][17], and Bloch oscillations in an optical lattice [18,19].In most of these demonstrations, cold atoms from a magneto-optical trap (MOT) were either evaporatively cooled or velocity selected-both of which typically discard >90% of the original atom sample. A reduced atom number is detrimental to atom shot-noise-limited measurement uncertainty and to operation at fast data rates. A slower data rate results because, following every measurement cycle, the steady-state atom number in the MOT must be recovered primarily from roomtemperature atoms. When cold atoms are recaptured, however, fewer atoms must be loaded from the roomtemperature background vapor, thus allowing the data rate to be increased above 100 Hz [20]. High data rates are crucial for atom interferometric measurements of dynamic signals, such as rapidly varying accelerations and rotations of moving platforms, as well as strains from high frequency (∼10 Hz) gravitational waves [8,19]. The fastest data rates with evaporative cooling have been limited to ≤1.3 Hz [21]; velocity selection at high data rates requires the added complexity of a 2D MOT to maintain atom number [22].In this Letter, we demonstra...

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“…We suppress first-order magnetic dephasing and extend the coherence time by optically pumping the atoms to the magnetically insensitive |F = 2, m F = 0 state using lithium-7's well-resolved D 1 line. Our results relax cooling requirements for recoil interferometry, allowing for increased precision through high experimental repetition rates [31,46]. Extending these techniques would allow for recoil-sensitive interferometry with atoms and other particles that have thus far been excluded from such experiments.…”

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confidence: 99%

Recoil-Sensitive Lithium Interferometer without a Subrecoil Sample

et al. 2017

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We report simultaneous conjugate Ramsey-Bordé interferometers with a sample of low-mass (lithium-7) atoms at 50 times the recoil temperature. We optically pump the atoms to a magnetically insensitive state using the 2S 1/2 − 2P 1/2 line. Fast stimulated Raman beam splitters address a broad velocity class and unavoidably drive two conjugate interferometers that overlap spatially. We show that detecting the summed interference signals of both interferometers, using state labeling, allows recoil measurements and suppression of phase noise from vibrations. The use of "warm" atoms allows for simple, efficient, and high-flux atom sources and broadens the applicability of recoil-sensitive interferometry to particles that remain difficult to trap and cool.

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Dual-Axis High-Data-Rate Atom Interferometer via Cold Ensemble Exchange

Cited by 83 publications

References 19 publications

Testing gravity with cold-atom interferometers

Testing gravity with cold-atom interferometers

Large-Area Atom Interferometry with Frequency-Swept Raman Adiabatic Passage

Recoil-Sensitive Lithium Interferometer without a Subrecoil Sample

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