Dual Analysis of Triglycerides from Certain Common Lipids and Seed Extracts

Abstract

A number of reference oils, two commercial oils, and several oil extracts from seeds of Nicotiana species were analyzed for the fatty acid content and also for triglyceride composition. The seed oils were obtained using an accelerated solvent extraction procedure, which was proven to be very efficient and reproducible. The fatty acids were analyzed after the hydrolysis of the oils, using trimethylsilylation and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) analysis. The levels of sixteen molecular species of triglycerides in the oils were measured after GC separation using MS for identification and flame ionization detection (FID) for quantitation. The results for the fatty acids and those for triglycerides were combined to generate uniform information regarding the composition of the analyzed oils. For a number of oils, the individual triglyceride quantitation and mass spectra were reported for the first time. The study showed that in some cases, oils with similar fatty acid content do not have the same triglycerides profile. The fatty acids and triglycerides profile for selected Nicotiana species were described for the first time in the literature.

Ultrahigh performance supercritical fluid chromatography of lipophilic compounds with application to synthetic and commercial biodiesel

“…palmitic-oleic-linoleic) due to the presence of abundant fragment ions at m/z 575.5038, 577.5201 and 601.5186. These ions correspond to the neutral loss of fatty acyl groups P, O, and L plus ammonia, respectively [4]. Table 1 shows a list of all identified TAGs in the different oils based on the low energy precursor exact mass and corresponding high energy fragment ions.…”

“…Analysis of acylglycerols typically follows two routes: (1) analysis of the whole molecule which can be a mixture of glycerol itself, mono-acylglycerol, di-acylglycerol, and tri-acylglycerol and (2) analysis of the range of fatty acids that originally esterify the glycerol molecule [4]. Analyses of whole acylglycerol molecules have been reported in the literature and in ASTM D 6584.…”

“…Most GC techniques employ flame ionization detection; while HPLC frequently uses evaporative light scattering [6] and mass spectrometric [7] detection. For glycerol, mono-, and di-acylglycerols, the analytical method is based on conversion of the molecular hydroxyl function into silyl derivatives in the presence of pyridine and N-trimethylsilyltrifluoroacetamide followed by high temperature GC on a short capillary column with thin film thickness using on-column injection and flame ionization detection [4]. Most techniques, on the other hand, dedicated to HPLC are designed to deal with tri-acylglycerols (TAGs).…”

Rapid screening of mixed edible oils and gutter oils by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry

“…The synthesis of triacylglycerols from fatty acids and glycerol-3-phosphate is controlled by specific enzymes [32], and different oils have different TAGs distribution. The TAGs patterns have been widely used as fingerprints for characterization of edible oils [3,16,22,28,33,39,40]. In this study, the MALDI-MS profiles of the TAGs region are thus employed for authentication of edible oils.…”

Synthesis, Purification, and Quantification of Fatty Acid Ethyl Esters After trans-Esterification of Large Batches of Tobacco Seed Oil

“…The fatty acids were analyzed after hydrolysis of the tri-acylglycerols using trimethylsilylation for derivatization and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry for detection, separation, and identification. Later trimethylsilylation of 16 tri-acylglycerols in the oils were measured by MOLDOVEANU and CHANG after gas chromatography using mass spectrometry for identification and flame ionization for quantification (6). Beside different tobacco seed oils, these workers investigated other seed oils, such as commercial cooking oil, palm oil, linseed oil, etc.…”