DSM-III-R Disorders in Vietnamese Refugees Prevalence and Correlates

Hinton, W Ladson; Chen, Yung-Cheng Joseph; Du, Nang; Tran, Carolee Giaouyen; Lu, Francis G.; Miranda, Jeanne; Faust, Shotsy

doi:10.1097/00005053-199302000-00007

Cited by 80 publications

(49 citation statements)

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“…Women from Central American nations (Guatemala, El Salvador) who migrated seeking asylum in the 1980s may have a history of trauma from civil war, violence, and displacement. [45][46][47] Maternal life event stress and psychiatric disorders, possibly related to experiences of escaping wars and disasters, as well as nutritional deficiencies from famine, may be possible explanations for the increased risks observed in Central American, Vietnamese, and some African immigrant groups, [48][49][50][51][52][53] and are considered risk factors for lowfunctioning autism in offspring. 54,55 Dietary factors such as folic acid and vitamin D deficiencies, common among US black and Hispanic women 56,57 and in women from Vietnam and the Philippines, 58,59 could explain some of the increased risk of AD and AD-MR. [60][61][62][63] In comparison, folic acid [1995][1996][1997][1998][1999][2000][2001][2002][2003][2004][2005][2006], gestational age (,37 weeks or $37 weeks), birth weight (,2500, 2500-4500, or .4500 g), trimester start of prenatal care (no care, first, second, or third trimester), and any pregnancy complication (hypertension, renal, lung, or cardiac disease, asthma, pyelonephritis, diabetes, gestational diabetes, Rh sensitivity, hemoglobinopathy, uterine bleeding, hydramnios, incomplete cervix, sexually transmitted diseases, hepatitis B, rubella, other infections, prenatal tobacco use, and large fibroids).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Autism Spectrum Disorders and Race, Ethnicity, and Nativity: A Population-Based Study

Becerra¹,

Ehrenstein

Heck³

et al. 2014

Pediatrics

149

104

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OBJECTIVE: Our understanding of the influence of maternal race/ethnicity and nativity and childhood autistic disorder (AD) in African Americans/blacks, Asians, and Hispanics in the United States is limited. Phenotypic differences in the presentation of childhood AD in minority groups may indicate etiologic heterogeneity or different thresholds for diagnosis. We investigated whether the risk of developing AD and AD phenotypes differed according to maternal race/ethnicity and nativity. METHODS: Children born in Los Angeles County with a primary AD diagnosis at ages 3 to 5 years during 1998–2009 were identified and linked to 1995–2006 California birth certificates (7540 children with AD from a cohort of 1 626 354 births). We identified a subgroup of children with AD and a secondary diagnosis of mental retardation and investigated heterogeneity in language and behavior. RESULTS: We found increased risks of being diagnosed with AD overall and specifically with comorbid mental retardation in children of foreign-born mothers who were black, Central/South American, Filipino, and Vietnamese, as well as among US-born Hispanic and African American/black mothers, compared with US-born whites. Children of US African American/black and foreign-born black, foreign-born Central/South American, and US-born Hispanic mothers were at higher risk of exhibiting an AD phenotype with both severe emotional outbursts and impaired expressive language than children of US-born whites. CONCLUSIONS: Maternal race/ethnicity and nativity are associated with offspring’s AD diagnosis and severity. Future studies need to examine factors related to nativity and migration that may play a role in the etiology as well as identification and diagnosis of AD in children.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Autism Spectrum Disorders and Race, Ethnicity, and Nativity: A Population-Based Study

Becerra¹,

Ehrenstein

Heck³

et al. 2014

Pediatrics

149

104

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“…The prevalence varies considerably: In a nonpatient sample of consecutively arriving Vietnamese refugees undergoing routine mandatory health screening upon entering the United States, only 3.5% of subjects suffering from PTSD was reported (Hinton et al, 1993) whereas in another study a prevalence of 86% was reported in randomly selected Cambodian refugees resettled in the United States (Bernstein Carlson & Rosser-Hogan, 1991). Generally, the reported PTSD prevalences and ranges seem to be higher in referred or treatment samples than in nontreatment samples, and lower prevalences are usually reported for random or unselected samples (O'Brien & Hughes, 1991;The Iowa Persian Gulf Study Group, 1997), though there seem to be exceptions (Brom, Kleber, & Witztum, 1991).…”

Section: Prevalence Of Ptsd In War-affected Civiliansmentioning

confidence: 99%

Posttraumatic Stress Disorder three years after the siege of Sarajevo

2002

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The goals of this study were to estimate the lifetime prevalence of traumatic events, the current prevalence of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD), and the connection between the kinds of traumatic events experienced and the probability of developing PTSD in three study samples in Sarajevo, Bosnia-Herzegovina, three years after the end of the war. A total of 311 people surviving the siege of Sarajevo were assessed with the Checklist for War Related Experiences (CWE) and an adapted version of the Posttraumatic Diagnostic Scale (PDS). The study groups consisted of a randomly selected residents sample (n = 98), a group of individuals in psychological treatment (n = 114), and a group in medical treatment (n = 99). Each individual survived an average of 24 traumatic events. According to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th ed. (DSM-IV; American Psychiatric Association, 1994) criteria, 18.6% of individuals in the residents sample, 32.7% of those in medical treatment, and 38.6% of those in psychological treatment developed PTSD.

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“…Older Vietnamese immigrants are at particularly high risk for physical and mental distress as a result of migrating later in life (age >55 years) and because of premigration trauma suffered when they were in communist labor camps and refugee camps. A high prevalence of depression and posttraumatic stress syndrome as a result of torture and imprisonment has been documented (Buchwald, Manson, Dinges, Keane, & Kinzie, 1993;Hinton et al, 1993;Kinzie, Boehnlein, Riley, & Sparr, 2002;Kinzie et al, 1982;Mollica, Wyshak, de Marneffe, Khuon, & Lavelle, 1987;Smith Fawzi et al, 1997). A total of 23% of Vietnamese women in a study in California were estimated to have clinical depression (McPhee et al, 1997).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluating the SF-36 Health Survey (Version 2) in Older Vietnamese Americans

et al. 2008

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Objectives: The SF-36® Health Survey (Version 2; SF-36) was evaluated among older Vietnamese Americans to determine whether underlying dimensions of physical and mental health were similar to those of other groups in the United States. Method: Field testing of participants from senior centers. Results: The study provided support for the reliability and validity of the SF-36. Structural equation modeling provided confirmation of physical and mental health factors. However, the factor loadings for the SF-36 scales were more consistent with previous results from Asian countries than the typical pattern observed in the United States. Discussion: As the older populations in the United States become more diverse, it is important to have standardized health-related quality of life measures. However, the conceptualization of physical and mental health and associations among different scales may be different for Asian immigrants than for other groups. Thus, the interpretation of the SF-36 scores needs to account for cultural differences.

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DSM-III-R Disorders in Vietnamese Refugees Prevalence and Correlates

Cited by 80 publications

References 0 publications

Autism Spectrum Disorders and Race, Ethnicity, and Nativity: A Population-Based Study

Autism Spectrum Disorders and Race, Ethnicity, and Nativity: A Population-Based Study

Posttraumatic Stress Disorder three years after the siege of Sarajevo

Evaluating the SF-36 Health Survey (Version 2) in Older Vietnamese Americans

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