Drying Poultry Manure for Pollution Potential Reduction and Production of Organic Fertilizer

Ghaly,

doi:10.3844/ajessp.2013.88.102

Cited by 33 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 69 publications

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“…Mosquera et al (2008) found that drying the poultry litter at 250 °C decreased the N content by 20 %. Ghaly and Alhattab (2013) also found losses of 35 % of the total N, with 42 % of this being from the ammonium form, after drying the poultry manure at 60 °C. For this reason, NH + 4 -N must always be determined in the poultry litter samples before drying.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 89%

Composition of Poultry Litter in Southern Brazil

Rogeri

Ernani

Mantovani

et al. 2016

Rev. Bras. Ciênc. Solo

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ABSTRACT:Determining the chemical composition of poultry litter is important in order to apply this waste as soil fertilizer without causing negative environmental impacts. The aim of this study was to evaluate the average and variability of some chemical parameters of 165 samples of poultry litter produced from confined animal production facilities located in the states of Santa Catarina and Rio Grande do Sul, Southern of Brazil. Samples of approximately 5.0 L were collected on 20 points from the truck at the time the material was unloaded into the application sites. Subsequently, they were oven-dried at 65 °C and analyzed. Values of pH in water, dry matter, N, P and K were determined in all samples; N soluble in water (soluble-N), ammonium (NH + 4 -N) and nitrate (NO − 3 -N) were quantified in 50 samples; organic carbon (organic-C) and C/N ratio were assessed in 20 samples. There was large variation in the contents of N, P 2 O 5 and K 2 O among samples, with the average accounting for 2.2, 3.0 and 2.9 %, respectively; these nutrients correlated with each other. More than 90 % of the N was in the organic form, into which the fraction soluble in water accounted for 21.8 % of the total. Inorganic N was predominantly in the form of ammonium (NH + 4 -N), and nitrate (NO − 3 -N) was absent. Average dry matter was 64.3 %, with a median of 66.5 %; pH was always alkaline (average of 7.8), with a low variation coefficient (7.4 %), and was negatively correlated with NH + 4 -N. The average of organic C and C/N ratio in dry matter was 28.3 % and 11.2, respectively, which results in the immediate release of N to the soil, with no microorganism immobilization. The chemical composition of poultry litters produced in confined systems in Southern Brazil is widely variable. Thus, to be successfully used as soil fertilizer, it is essential to know their composition, mainly in terms of moisture N, P 2 O 5 and K 2 O contents.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 89%

Composition of Poultry Litter in Southern Brazil

Rogeri

Ernani

Mantovani

et al. 2016

Rev. Bras. Ciênc. Solo

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“…The ammonia level was much higher in fresh chicken litter than in aged chicken litter (P Ͻ 0.05), as the initial high ammonia level (279.13 g NH 4 -N/g) in 0-month litter decreased to 56.37 g NH 4 -N/g in 9-month litter (Table 4). Generally, chicken litter, high in nitrogen content, begins to decompose immediately after excretion and releases ammonia in high concentrations (20). Chicken litter also gives off ammonia due to the production of ammonia from microbial mineralization of organic nitrogen compounds in the litter at the beginning of stockpiling (21).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Chicken Litter Storage Time and Ammonia Content on Thermal Resistance of Desiccation-Adapted Salmonella spp

Zhao

Wang

Ionita

et al. 2015

Appl Environ Microbiol

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Broiler chicken litter was kept as a stacked heap on a poultry farm, and samples were collected up to 9 months of storage. Chicken litter inoculated with desiccation-adapted Salmonella cells was heat-treated at 75, 80, 85, and 150°C. Salmonella populations decreased in all these samples during heat treatment, and the inactivation rates became lower in chicken litter when storage time was extended from 0 to 6 months. There was no significant difference (P > 0.05) in thermal resistance of Salmonella in 6-and 9-month litter samples, indicating that a threshold for thermal resistance was reached after 6 months. Overall, the thermal resistance of Salmonella in chicken litter was affected by the storage time of the litter. The changes in some chemical, physical, and microbiological properties during storage could possibly contribute to this difference. Moisture and ammonia could be two of the most significant factors influencing the thermal resistance of Salmonella cells in chicken litter. Our results emphasize the importance of adjusting time and temperature conditions for heat processing chicken litter when it is removed from the chicken house at different time intervals. Chicken litter is a waste by-product of poultry industry, which consists of feces, bedding materials, wasted feed, and feathers (1). More than 14 million tons of chicken litter are produced every year in the United States, most of which is spread onto arable land as organic fertilizer or soil amendment (2). Chicken litter is known to potentially harbor a variety of human pathogens, such as Salmonella (3). Therefore, the direct application of chicken litter to agricultural land can possibly be harmful to the environment and also the food supply (4).Chicken litter is introduced into arable land either immediately after its removal from chicken houses, after being stockpiled for an extended period of time, or after going through a composting process (5). Agricultural practices for handling chicken litter vary widely among farms and also among economic crops grown on an individual farm. Chicken litter cleanout does not always coincide with availability of agricultural land or with suitable field conditions that allow operation of equipment or desirable nutrient uptake. Temporary storage should thus be provided until conditions are proper for direct application on land or until the litter can be composted or further heat processed. Notably, chicken litter is a heterogeneous waste product with variable compositions and differences in physical, chemical, and microbiological properties, which can be affected by storage time and other factors (6). In addition to composting, physical dry-heat treatment after composting or without composting is one of the most commonly used methods to eliminate potential pathogens in chicken litter (6). The storage time of chicken litter may, to some extent, affect the thermal inactivation of food-borne pathogens. Based on the study by Kim et al. (6), Salmonella survived much longer in dry or aged chicken litter than in wet o...

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“…The methods of agrobiological counts (the number of buds, shoots, buds on the bushes, accounting harvest berries from the bush and 1 hectare, and the average mass of clusters) were performed on establishing the vineyards on industrial scale (Ghaly and Alhattab, 2013).…”

Section: Objects and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of boron fertiIization on productivity of grape plants

et al. 2016

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Abstract. The aim of this article is to study the content of micronutrients in the soil of Terek sands region of the Chechen Republic and to identify the physiological response of the grape plants on micronutrients fertilization. The obtained data of the boron total content in the studied sandy soil showed that in 0-60 cm layer of the soil the boron total content ranges from 0.4 to 0.5 mg/kg, in 60-150 cm soil layer -from 0.75 to 0.78 mg/kg. The boron content in the sandy soils of studied area varies within wide limits and characterizes as insufficient. Fertilizing with boron is an effective agricultural technique for up-frost plants and productivity of grapes. This technique allows to increase the sugar content of the berries up to 0.8-1.4 g/cm 3 , while substantially reducing the acidity of the juice. The yield of grape crystal grade in the variant with background + N90 P90 K90 + 2 kg of active boron addition was 76.8 t/ha, which is higher than in the control at 34.2 t/ha. The increasing of sugar berries in this variant was from 0.8 up to 1.4 g/cm 3 . The highest rates for plants productivity were observed by introducing a complex of boron micronutrients, cobalt, manganese, molybdenum, zinc in the form VIII, wherein the yield totally was 89.4 c/ha.

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Drying Poultry Manure for Pollution Potential Reduction and Production of Organic Fertilizer

Cited by 33 publications

References 69 publications

Composition of Poultry Litter in Southern Brazil

Composition of Poultry Litter in Southern Brazil

Effects of Chicken Litter Storage Time and Ammonia Content on Thermal Resistance of Desiccation-Adapted Salmonella spp

Influence of boron fertiIization on productivity of grape plants

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