Dry Matter and Nitrogen Uptake, Partitioning, and Removal across a Wide Range of Soybean Seed Yield Levels

Gaspar, Adam P.; Laboski, Carrie A. M.; Naeve, Seth L.; Conley, Shawn P.

doi:10.2135/cropsci2016.05.0322

Cited by 65 publications

(80 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…In general, total P uptake followed similar trends to N uptake reported by Gaspar et al (2017), where uptake ). The uptake rate is graphically shown at 30 d after emergence for the three yield levels.…”

Section: Potassium Uptakesupporting

confidence: 82%

“…Field trial establishment, experimental design, and biomass sampling procedures are described in detail by Gaspar et al (2017) and therefore are only briefly reiterated in this section. the estimated model parameters generated by PROC MIXED and Eq.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Soil samples were taken each spring, and fertilizer was applied when required for a yield goal of 6700 kg ha −1 . Aboveground plant biomass sampling, processing, and analysis methods used were identical to those described in Gaspar et al (2017), except the P and K concentration for all samples (>6600 kg ha −1 ) was determined using a hot acid digestion followed by inductively coupled plasma (ICP) spectrometry analysis (Horwitz and Latimer, 2011) performed by Ag Sources Laboratories (Bonduel, WI). The tissue concentration, dry weights, and sample area were used to mathematically derive the nutrient content (kg ha .…”

Section: Phosphorus Uptakementioning

confidence: 99%

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Phosphorus and Potassium Uptake, Partitioning, and Removal across a Wide Range of Soybean Seed Yield Levels

et al. 2017

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Maintenance of adequate soil phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) levels is critical for profitable soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] production. To accomplish this, precise knowledge of soybean P and K uptake, utilization, and removal is critical, yet a comprehensive study characterizing these requirements across wide‐ranging seed yield environments is nonexistent for modern soybean production systems. Using six site‐years and eight soybean varieties, plants were sampled at six growth stages, partitioned into their respective plant parts, and analyzed. Distinctly different uptake patterns and rates were found between P and K, where soybean accumulated greater relative amounts of K by R1 and 91 to 100% of its season‐long K total by R5.5, compared with only 68 to 77% of its season‐long P total. Removal of P (0.0054 kg P kg−1 grain) and K (0.016 kg K kg−1 grain) with the seed was consistent across environments and varieties and displayed strong relations with yield (R2 = 0.89–0.92). For each kilogram increase in yield, total P and K uptake increased by 0.0054 kg and 0.017 to 0.030 kg, respectively. The difference between total uptake and removal for each nutrient resulted in average nutrient harvest indices of 81 and 49% for P and K, respectively. However, significant variation in total uptake and nutrient harvest indices existed due to the environment, not variety, and was more pronounced for K, resulting in significant variability in the amount of K removed in stover. These results can be incorporated into future fertility recommendations to improve P and K management for profitable and environmentally sound soybean production.

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Section: Potassium Uptakesupporting

confidence: 82%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Phosphorus Uptakementioning

confidence: 99%

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Phosphorus and Potassium Uptake, Partitioning, and Removal across a Wide Range of Soybean Seed Yield Levels

et al. 2017

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“…Analysis of 637 data sets, (site × year × treatment combinations) from 1966 to 2006, indicates a linear increase in N uptake in soybean aboveground biomass of 0.079 kg with each kg increase in seed yield (Salvagiotti et al, 2008). In a recent study conducted at multiple locations in Wisconsin and Minnesota, N content of soybean increased by 0.054 kg with each kg increase in seed yield (Gaspar et al, 2017). Soybean N requirements peak in the R3 to R6 growth stages (Harper and Cooper, 1971;Harper, 1974).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Soybean N requirements peak in the R3 to R6 growth stages (Harper and Cooper, 1971;Harper, 1974). Gaspar et al (2017) reported that maximum daily N uptake rates (3.6-4.3 kg ha…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soybean response to nitrogen application across the United States: A synthesis-analysis

Mourtzinis

Kaur

Orlowski

et al. 2018

Field Crops Research

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A B S T R A C TThe effects of supplemental nitrogen (N) on soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] seed yield have been the focus of much research over the past four decades. However, most experiments were region-specific and focused on the effect of a single N-related management choice, thus resulting in a limited inference space. Here, we composited data from individual experiments conducted across the US that examined the effect of N fertilization on soybean yield. The combined database included 207 environments (experiment × year combinations) for a total of 5991 N-treated soybean yields. We used hierarchical modeling and conditional inference tree analysis on the combined dataset to establish the relationship and contribution of several N management choices on soybean yield. The N treatment variables were: N-application (single or split), N-method (soil incorporated, foliar, etc.), Ntiming (pre-plant, at a reproductive stage, etc.), and N-rate (from a 0 N control to as much as 560 kg ha). Of the total yield variability, 68% was associated with the effect of environment, whereas only a small fraction of that variability (< 1%) was attributable to each N variable. Averaged over all experiments, a single N application and the split N application were 60 and 110 kg ha −1 greater yielding than the zero N control treatment, respectively. A split N application with more than one method (e.g., soil incorporated and foliar) resulted in 120 kg ha −1 greater yield than zero N plots. Split N application between planting and reproductive stages (Rn) resulted in greater yield than zero N and single application during a Rn; however, the effect was not significantly different than N application at other growth stages. Increasing the N rate increased the environment average soybean yield; however, 93% of the environment-specific N-rate responses were not significant which suggested a minimal effect of N across the examined region. A large yield variability was observed among environments E-mail address: mourtzinis@wisc.edu (S. Mourtzinis).Abbreviations: BNF, biological nitrogen fixation; C, check (no nitrogen was applied); MM, major management practices; N, nitrogen; N-rate, nitrogen rate; N-application, number of nitrogen applications; N-method, method of nitrogen application; N-timing, timing of nitrogen application (growth stage/s); P, all nitrogen was applied at planting only; PR, split nitrogen application at planting and reproductive growth stages; pP, all nitrogen was applied at pre-planting only; Rn, reproductive growth stage; R, all nitrogen was applied at a reproductive growth stage only; RR, split nitrogen application at two reproductive growth stages; V, all nitrogen was applied at a vegetative growth stage only; Vn, vegetative growth stage MARKwithin the same N rates, which was attributed to growing environment differences (e.g., in-season weather conditions, soil type etc.) and non-N related management (e.g., irrigation). Conditional inference tree analysis identified N-timing and N-rate to be conditional to irriga...

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Soybean maturity group and planting date influence grain yield and nitrogen dynamics

Ortel¹,

Roberts²,

Hoegenauer³

et al. 2020

Agrosystems Geosci & Env

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Manipulation of soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] maturity group (MG) and planting date will increase the yield of a soybean crop while simultaneously influencing the potential soil-nitrogen (N) credits. Variations in N returned to the soil by soybean can significantly affect the amount of fertilizer-N needed for the subsequent crop. Four soybean MGs (3.5, 4.7, 5.4, and 5.6) were evaluated at optimal and late planting dates in Arkansas. Grain yield was significantly different among MGs in 2016 (P = .0012) and 2017 (P = .0004), with the 4.7 MG consistently yielding the highest at 3,232 kg ha −1. Plant total aboveground N uptake (TNU) increased with increasing grain yield (P = .0167) and was significantly higher when planted in an optimal planting window (P = .0004). The N removed from the cropping system through grain harvest (147-201 kg N ha −1) was significantly different among MGs in 2016 (P < .0001) and in 2017 was significantly influenced by the planting date × MG interaction (P = .0397). The net N returned to the soil through unharvested biomass (24-75 kg N ha −1) was not influenced by planting date (P = .7796) or MG (P = .3475); however, net N returned decreased as grain yield increased (P = .0522). An optimum planting date of a well-adapted soybean MG produces the highest grain yield, TNU, and N removed from the cropping system, identifying a relationship that allows producers to achieve maximum profitability while minimizing inputs to the whole farm system. 1 INTRODUCTION Relative maturity group (MG) of soybean [Glycine max (L.

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Dry Matter and Nitrogen Uptake, Partitioning, and Removal across a Wide Range of Soybean Seed Yield Levels

Cited by 65 publications

References 38 publications

Phosphorus and Potassium Uptake, Partitioning, and Removal across a Wide Range of Soybean Seed Yield Levels

Phosphorus and Potassium Uptake, Partitioning, and Removal across a Wide Range of Soybean Seed Yield Levels

Soybean response to nitrogen application across the United States: A synthesis-analysis

Soybean maturity group and planting date influence grain yield and nitrogen dynamics

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