Dry deposition effect of marine aerosol to the building stone of the medieval city of Rhodes, Greece

Stefanis, Nikolaos-Alexios; Theoulakis, P.; Pilinis, Christodoulos

doi:10.1016/j.buildenv.2008.03.001

Cited by 42 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…However, it is in conservation science that the consequences of crystallization pressure are most feared because of their impact on monuments, such as the Pharaonic constructions in Luxor 21 , the carved city of Petra 22,23 and the medieval city of Rhodes 24 . Crystallization pressure is even more devastating for wall paintings because of the rapid irreversible damage it can cause to works such as Michelangelo's frescoes in the Sistine Chapel 25 , the tomb of Nefertari 26,27 or prehistoric rock art such as the Albarracin Cultural Park 28 , to name only a few.…”

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confidence: 99%

Chemo-mechanics of salt damage in stone

et al. 2014

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Many porous materials are damaged by pressure exerted by salt crystals growing in their pores. This is a serious issue in conservation science, geomorphology, geotechnical engineering and concrete materials science. In all cases, a central question is whether crystallization pressure will cause damage. Here we present an experiment in which the crystallization pressure and the pore saturation are varied in a controlled way. We demonstrate that a strain energy failure criterion can be used to predict when damage will occur. The experiment considered is the most widely used means to study the susceptibility to salt crystallization, so quantification of this test has far-reaching implications.

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confidence: 99%

Chemo-mechanics of salt damage in stone

et al. 2014

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“…In particular, SSA has important impacts on coastal regions, where it can affect urban air quality (Laskin et al, 2003), ecosystems and vegetation (Piazzola and Despiau, 1997), facilitate the spread of microorganisms and viruses (Baylor et al, 1997), and cause damage to urban infrastructure (Stefanis et al, 2009). Contrary to typical conditions over the ocean, large marine aerosols, which are basically sea salt particles (O'Dowd and De Leeuw, 2007), are quite important in the coastal region.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sea salt aerosol deposition in the coastal zone: A large eddy simulation study

Tinghao

Chamecki

2016

Atmospheric Research

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“…The degradation of stone monuments situated in coastal and marine environments has been the subject of specific studies (Zendri et al 2001;Corvo et al 2010;Stefanis et al 2009;Urosevic et al 2013) focused on the evaluation of the actions of tidal movement, water, moisture, salts, marine aerosol, pollutants and biological agents. The study of biodeterioration in monuments has awakened the interest of researchers (Warscheid et al 1991;Saiz-Jimenez 2001;Herrera and Videla 2004;Herrera and Videla 2009;Miller et al 2006;Miller et al 2012), without neglecting the potential beneficial impact of biological settlers on stone surfaces (Saiz-Jimenez 1997; Adamo et al 2002;Coombes et al 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The environmental factors impact on the conservation of an historic marine quay—a baseline study

Antunes

Coroado

Boaventura

et al. 2015

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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Changes effected by environmental factors on the biological colonization of an historic marine limestone quay were considered, as a baseline study for the monitoring and test plan definition. Environmental factors play a fundamental role in the deterioration of stone monuments, particularly those located in a marine environment. This eighteenth century quay, situated at the Royal Square of the Portuguese capital, is subject to tidal movement, marine aerosol, high levels of pollution and vibration and is partly submerged in polluted water. Part of the quay was dismantled in 1997 and returned to the river water in 2008; since then, progressive (re)colonization by biological organisms has occurred. By means of periodic photographic registry, from 2010 to 2014, the main alterations and deposits on its surfaces were registered. The present paper discusses and presents a vulnerability assessment and monitoring plan for monuments in a marine environment with a view to establishing a preventive conservation plan.

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Dry deposition effect of marine aerosol to the building stone of the medieval city of Rhodes, Greece

Cited by 42 publications

References 24 publications

Chemo-mechanics of salt damage in stone

Chemo-mechanics of salt damage in stone

Sea salt aerosol deposition in the coastal zone: A large eddy simulation study

The environmental factors impact on the conservation of an historic marine quay—a baseline study

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