Sea salt aerosol deposition in the coastal zone: A large eddy simulation study

Tinghao, Liang; Chamecki, Marcelo; Yu, Xiping

doi:10.1016/j.atmosres.2016.05.019

Cited by 12 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Median Cl − concentration at DFO during Winter 3 is about 400% higher than median BDO/TFO Cl − concentrations, while median NO 3 − concentrations across the state are similar (Table ). Given that sea salt aerosol deposition rapidly decreases with distance from the coastline [ Gustafsson and Franzén , ; Liang et al ., ], there appears to be a strong source of non‐sea salt Cl − at DFO in Winter 3.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Longer aerosol transport times [ Adolph et al ., ] suggest that DFO receives BC that has had more time to react with strong oxidizing agents in the atmosphere (e.g., ozone) thus functionalizing the surface [ Sergides et al ., ]. Longer aerosol transport times could also lead to a decrease in particle size as heavier particles are more likely to drop out [ Liang et al ., ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Major fraction of black carbon is flushed from the melting New Hampshire snowpack nearly as quickly as soluble impurities

et al. 2017

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Seasonal snowpacks accumulate impurities derived from atmospheric aerosols and trace gases throughout the winter and release them during snowmelt. Previous field and laboratory studies have shown that a snowpack can lose up to 80% of the soluble ion burden in the first 20% of the melt, an event commonly known as an ionic pulse. Other studies have concluded that particulate impurities (e.g., black carbon (BC)) concentrate in surface layers during melt which can have important implications for snowpack albedo. However, model and field studies have indicated that meltwater scavenging efficiency of BC in melting snowpacks is still an area of uncertainty. To quantify BC melt dynamics and the release of soluble impurities, we collected and analyzed near‐daily chemical profiles in the snowpack at three sites during two winters in New Hampshire, United States of America. We observe an ionic pulse and a pulse of BC from the snowpack at the onset of melt; up to 62% of BC leaves within the first 24% of the melt. Surface concentrations of BC are higher than seasonal medians at the end of the winter season, but surface enhancements do not appear to be closely linked to decreases in snow‐water equivalence caused by melting.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Major fraction of black carbon is flushed from the melting New Hampshire snowpack nearly as quickly as soluble impurities

et al. 2017

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“…S5) from the logarithmic profile expected to occur from an active dust emission source (Stull, 1988;Kind, 1992;Gillies and Berkofsky, 2004), a result that we inferred as the influence of sea-salt aerosol. Because we measured dust 15 concentrations ~650 meters from the shoreline, we expect increasing sea-salt aerosol concentration with height due to the upwind deposition of near-surface sea-salt aerosol (Liang et al, 2016). We generally observed an increasing concentration with height for the lowest two or three OPCs when saltation was inactive (horizontal saltation flux = 0), consistent with sea-salt aerosol deposition, but found a decrease in concentration with height when saltation was active ( > 0), consistent with dust emission (Fig.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fine dust emissions from active sands at coastal Oceano Dunes, California

Huang¹,

Kok²,

Martin³

et al. 2018

Preprint

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Abstract. Sand dunes and other active sands generally have a low content of fine grains and, therefore, are not considered to be major dust sources in climate models. However, recent remote sensing studies have indicated that a surprisingly large fraction of dust storms are generated from regions covered by sand dunes, leading these studies to propose that sand dunes might be globally-relevant sources of dust. To help understand the dust emission potential of sand dunes and other active 15 sands, we present in situ field measurements of dust emission under natural saltation from a coastal sand sheet at Oceano Dunes in California. We find that saltation drives substantial dust emissions from this setting. Laboratory analyses of sand samples suggest that these emissions are produced by aeolian abrasion of feldspars and removal of coatings of clay minerals on sand grains. We further find that this emitted dust is substantially finer than dust emitted from non-sandy soils and dust observed in situ over North Africa. As such, dust emitted from the sand sheet, and potentially from other active sands 20 affected by similar dust emission processes, could have potent impacts on climate, the hydrological cycle, and human health.These measurements thus support the hypothesis that considerable emissions of fine dust can be generated by the reactivation of inactive dunes with accumulated clay minerals. This might occur due to future land-use changes and desertification, and is not currently represented in most climate models.

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“…S5) deviated from the logarithmic profiles expected to occur 169 from an active emission source (Stull, 1988;Kind, 1992;Gillies and Berkofsky, 2004), a result that we 170 inferred as the influence of sea-salt aerosol. Because we measured dust concentrations ~650 meters from 171 the shoreline, we expect increasing sea-salt aerosol concentration with height due to the upwind deposition 172 of near-surface sea-salt aerosol (Liang et al, 2016). We indeed generally observed an increasing 173 concentration with height for the lowest two or three OPCs when saltation was inactive (horizontal saltation 174 flux = 0), consistent with sea-salt deposition, but found a decrease in concentration with height when saltation was active ( > 0), consistent with dust emission (Fig.…”

Section: Removal Of Sea-salt Aerosol Deposition Signal From Dust Fluxmentioning

confidence: 99%

Supplementary material to "Fine dust emissions from active sands at coastal Oceano Dunes, California"

Huang¹,

Kok²,

Martin³

et al. 2018

Preprint

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Sea salt aerosol deposition in the coastal zone: A large eddy simulation study

Cited by 12 publications

References 43 publications

Major fraction of black carbon is flushed from the melting New Hampshire snowpack nearly as quickly as soluble impurities

Major fraction of black carbon is flushed from the melting New Hampshire snowpack nearly as quickly as soluble impurities

Fine dust emissions from active sands at coastal Oceano Dunes, California

Supplementary material to "Fine dust emissions from active sands at coastal Oceano Dunes, California"

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Sea salt aerosol deposition in the coastal zone: A large eddy simulation study

Cited by 12 publications

References 43 publications

Major fraction of black carbon is flushed from the melting New Hampshire snowpack nearly as quickly as soluble impurities

Major fraction of black carbon is flushed from the melting New Hampshire snowpack nearly as quickly as soluble impurities

Fine dust emissions from active sands at coastal Oceano Dunes, California

Supplementary material to &quot;Fine dust emissions from active sands at coastal Oceano Dunes, California&quot;

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Supplementary material to "Fine dust emissions from active sands at coastal Oceano Dunes, California"