Drug Therapy in Dental Practice: Nonopioid and Opioid Analgesics

Becker, Daniel E.; Phero, James C.

doi:10.2344/0003-3006(2005)52[140:dtd]2.0.co;2

Cited by 50 publications

(60 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…NSAIDs should be avoided in patients taking anticoagulants, such as warfarin, or those suffering bleeding disorders. Acetaminophen may be toxic for patients having depleted glycogen stores, such as associated with dieting and anorexia, and for patients suffering primary liver dysfunction or receiving hepatotoxic medications [2].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…NSAIDs inhibit cyclooxygenase (COX) activity thereby inhibiting synthesis of prostaglandins, thromboxanes, and prostacyclin. Acetaminophen is analgesic and antipyretic lacking anti-inflammatory efficacy [2]. Analgesic is administered considering the cause and nature of pain (mild , moderate or severe ; acute or chronic ; ratio of pain ; inflammation) along with risk factors in the given patient, considering past experience of the patient, acceptability to given drug and individual preference.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Knowledge and Pattern of Antibiotic and Non Narcotic Analgesic Prescription for Pulpal and Periapical Pathologies- A Survey Among Dentists

Mavuluri

Karunakar

Vishwanath

et al. 2014

JCDR

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Aim:The objective was to assess the knowledge and pattern of antibiotic and non narcotic analgesic prescription for pulpal and periapical pathologies among dentists, registered with IDA, in and around Hyderabad. Materials and Methods:Cross-sectional survey was conducted from January 2014 to February 2014 in and around Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh, India. A questionnaire for this cross-sectional survey was designed for evaluating the knowledge and patterns of antibiotic and non narcotic analgesic prescription for pulpal and periapical pathologies. It included some demographic information, questions regarding clinical and non clinical factors, type of antibiotics and non narcotics analgesics prescribed were recorded. Data was computed and analysed using SPSS software. Descriptive statistics was performed. Results:The response rate for the study was 85%, 51.4% being males and 53.9% were pursuing post graduation. Of the respondents, 44.3% would prescribe medication with elevated body temperatures and evidence of systemic involvement, while 42.8% would prescribe medication for non clinical factors such as unsure of diagnosis. Necrotic pulp with acute apical periodontitis with swelling present and mod/severe preoperative symptoms was the most common condition identified for antibiotic therapy (56.4%). The first antibiotic of choice in patients with no medical allergies is amoxicillin, followed by amoxicillin and metronidazole. The first antibiotic of choice in case of allergic to penicillin was erythromycin. 55.1% and 37.3% would not prescribe antibiotic and analgesic after Root canal treatment respectively. The most commonly prescribed NSAID is Diclofenac (51.1%). Factors influencing the choice of analgesics among respondents is severity of pain (61.4%). 31.7% remained informed of current prophylactic practices through pharmaceutical companies followed by university training sessions and scientific societies (30.7%). Conclusion:The results of the present survey have demonstrated a lack of uniformity among the dental practitioners. All the clinicians should make themselves aware of the current guidelines available, to ensure highest degree of patient care.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Knowledge and Pattern of Antibiotic and Non Narcotic Analgesic Prescription for Pulpal and Periapical Pathologies- A Survey Among Dentists

Mavuluri

Karunakar

Vishwanath

et al. 2014

JCDR

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show abstract

“…This pharmacologic effect of these drugs also causes irritation and bleeding in gastrointestinal tract (1)(2)4). In order to eliminate the gastrointestinal adverse effects of these drugs, selective COX -2 inhibitor types were developed, but after a while increased risk of myocard infarction and other cardiac diseases (including sudden cardiac death, stroke) were determined in patients using some of these type of drugs (i.e.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There have been studies of analgesic prescribing in dentistry (1)(2)(3)(4). The aim of this study is to evaluate the analgesic use in dental practice and the information given to their patients about use of these drugs by dentists in Istanbul, Turkey.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Analgesic prescription pattern in the management of dental pain among dentists in Istanbul

Sermet¹

2012

mpj

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OBJECTIVES: To determine the pattern of analgesic prescriptions and the information given to their patients about use of these drugs by the dentists working in Istanbul.METHODS: A questionnaire was distributed to 250 dentists working in Istanbul. The questionnaires consisted of open-ended questions about analgesic use in dentistry and were handed out directly to dentists. They were analyzed and responses to each question expressed as absolute frequencies. The cases and the analgesics prescribed by dentists for each case were determined by the descriptive statistics method; "frequency".RESULTS: Responses to questionnaires were received from 130 (52%) dentists. The most commonly prescribed analgesic was naproxen, a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID). It is also estimated that dentists did not prescribe selective COX-2 inhibitors or opioid analgesics. Some dentists reported prescribing more than one NSAIDs for the same patient (n = 11 cases). Although more than 75% of the dentists reported that they gave information to their patients about the use of analgesics, the content of the information was limited. DISCUSSION:The results of the questionnaires applied to the dentists showed that dentists most commonly prescribe naproxen for the management of dental pain and they rarely prescribe incompatible analgesic combinations. The results also showed that dentists informed their patients inadequately about analgesic use. Incomplete information given by dentists about drug interactions, storage conditions and price of the prescribed drugs is an important point of the study that may also affect the success ratio of the therapy and the compliance of the patients. KEY WORDS: dentistry, analgesic use, rational drug use, questionnaire.

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An exploratory study Evaluating the impact of opioid and non‐opioid pain medications on serum/plasma free testosterone and free estradiol concentrations

Ray

Kushnir

Meikle

et al. 2017

Drug Testing and Analysis

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Chronic use of opioid medications has been reported to cause altered sexual function. It is not known if non-opioid pain medications have similar effects. Assessment of this effect through the measurement of concentrations of free hormones is limited. Positivity of opioid medications (hydrocodone, oxycodone, morphine, methadone, tramadol and fentanyl) and non-opioid pain medications (gabapentin or pregabalin) in human serum and plasma samples from adult men and women were evaluated for association with concentrations of free testosterone (fTe) and free estradiol (fE2) measured using equilibrium dialysis-liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry methods. Lower concentrations of fTe (p = 0.0253) were observed in samples positive for the hydrocodone, oxycodone and morphine group compared to age matched controls. The presence of methadone, tramadol, fentanyl and pregabalin had no effect on fTe. When compared with age-matched controls, women between 48-55 years of age showed reduced fE2 concentrations in samples positive for tramadol, fentanyl and gabapentin (p = 0.0243, 0.0045 and 0.0050, respectively). Particular opioid medications such as methadone, tramadol or fentanyl and non-opioid medications such as pregabalin or gabapentin may offer advantages over opioid medications for treating pain with fewer endocrinologic side effects. Measurement of free hormones in pain medication users could be important in determining their association with sexual function. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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Drug Therapy in Dental Practice: Nonopioid and Opioid Analgesics

Cited by 50 publications

References 23 publications

Knowledge and Pattern of Antibiotic and Non Narcotic Analgesic Prescription for Pulpal and Periapical Pathologies- A Survey Among Dentists

Knowledge and Pattern of Antibiotic and Non Narcotic Analgesic Prescription for Pulpal and Periapical Pathologies- A Survey Among Dentists

Analgesic prescription pattern in the management of dental pain among dentists in Istanbul

An exploratory study Evaluating the impact of opioid and non‐opioid pain medications on serum/plasma free testosterone and free estradiol concentrations

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