Drug‐resistant genes and serotypes of pneumococcal strains of community‐acquired pneumonia among adults in Japan

Abstract

A high frequency of altered pbp gene mutations or of macrolide-related genes and a high serotype coverage by the 23-valent PPV found in our study of pneumococcal pneumonia facilitates attempts to increase the coverage rate of the 23-valent PPV in adults older than 65 years in Japan.

Trends in Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Streptococcus pneumoniae in the Tohoku District of Japan: A Longitudinal Analysis from 1998 to 2007

“…These nonvaccine serotypes of PISP isolates could possibly increase in prevalence, leading to the stable prevalence of PISP strains after 2004 found in our study. In the current study, serotypes 3, 6, 19 and 23, which were found in 15.4%, 21.6%, 21.1% and 13.4%, respectively, of isolates overall, were the most common serotypes, in accordance with previously reported data from nationwide studies in Japan (Chiba et al 2005;Oishi et al 2006;Hotomi et al 2008). The distribution of 6 serotypes investigated in PNSP isolates was not significantly different between years.…”

“…The prevalence of S. pneumoniae isolates resistant to EM and MINO in the Tohoku district, which was 60% or more throughout the study period, was similar to that seen in nationwide studies (Song et al 1999;Watanabe et al 2000;Yamaguchi and Ohno 2005;Oishi et al 2006). Since almost all of the PRSP strains were resistant to both EM and MINO, the trend of multidrug-resistant strains (Fig.…”

“…A longitudinal analysis from 1994 to 2002 demonstrated that the prevalence rate of PNSP and PRSP strains was 45.4-51.0% and 4.9-13.6%, respectively (Yamaguchi and Ohno 2005). A recent nationwide study by Oishi K., et al, which included 2 hospitals in the Tohoku district, reported that the prevalence of PNSP and PRSP strains isolated from adult patients with communityacquired pneumonia was 57.9% and 22.8%, respectively, between 2001 and 2003 in Japan (Oishi et al 2006). A longitudinal surveillance study, Prospective Resistant Organism Tracking and Epidemiology for the Ketolide Telithromycin (PROTEKT) study, collected pathogens from adult and pediatric patients with respiratory tract infections throughout Japan, including 1 hospital in the Tohoku district, during the period from 1999 to 2004 (Inoue et al 2008 (12.5%) in our study was higher than that found in the JSC study.…”

“…The 23-valent PPV has been reported to cover 82-83% of serotypes of isolates (Oishi et al 2006;Hotomi et al 2008). Although rarely used up to 2001, the use of the vaccine increased dramatically after 2002 (by more than 150 times), resulting in a rate of vac- (Oishi et al 2006). This increased use of 23-valent PPV might contribute to the decreasing prevalence of PNSP, especially PRSP, isolates observed after 2004 in the current study.…”

“…Serotypes were determined for types 3, 6, 14, 19 (including 19A, 19B, 19C and 19F) and 23 (including 23A, 23B and 23F), since the proportion of these serotypes in Japan has been reported to be comparatively higher than others (Chiba et al 2005;Oishi et al 2006;Hotomi et al 2008).…”