Drug resistance profiles of Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates to first line anti-tuberculous drugs: A five years study

Abstract

Background:Drug resistance is a major problem in the treatment of tuberculosis (TB). An estimate of drug resistance is extremely important in the epidemiology and control of TB. However, an assessment of the magnitude of drug resistance in TB is not very well described globally and data remains scantier for India. In view of this, we reviewed our data over last five years.Materials and Methods:Six hundred and seventy-three Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates were subjected to drug susceptibility against primary anti-tuberculosis drugs by economic variant proportion method. All isolates resistant to isoniazid and rifampicin were taken as multi-drug resistant (MDR).Results:Out of the 673 strains tested, 95 (14.11%) showed monoresistance, 365 (54.23%) strains were found to be resistant to more than one drug. A total of 118 (17.53%) strains were found to be resistant to all the four drugs tested. MDR was seen with 320 (47.54%) isolates. This study observed maximum resistance with rifampicin (74.4%) followed by streptomycin (70.0%), isoniazid (53.2%), and ethambutol (21.7%).Conclusion:While this information may not reflect true prevalence of drug resistance in the region, this may help in further planning long term surveillance studies to know the trend of drug resistance in this area.

Declining trend of resistance to first-line anti-tubercular drugs in clinical isolates of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in a tertiary care north Indian hospital after implementation of revised national Tuberculosis control programme

“…[6][7][8][9][10][11][12] To obtain a more precise estimate of Multi-Drug Resistant TB (MDR-TB) burden in the country, RNTCP carried out drug resistance surveillance (DRS) surveys in accordance with global guidelines in selected states, Gujarat (56 million population) and Maharashtra (107 million) in 2005-2006 and Andhra Pradesh (81 million) in 2007-2008. The results of these surveys indicate prevalence of MDR-TB to be low i.e., less than 3% amongst new cases and 12-17% in re-treatment cases.…”

Drug resistance pattern, related socio- demographic factors and preventive practices among MDR-TB patients: An experience from a tertiary care setting

“…Introduction Tuberculosis(TB), a disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, has affected mankind for over 5000 years, and still continues to be a leading cause of morbidity and mortality. 1 The emergence of resistance to anti-tubercular drugs in general is a significant public health problem that threatens tuberculosis care and control worldwide. Multi-drug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) is defined as tuberculosis that is resistant to at least Isoniazid (INH) and Rifampicin (RMP), the two most powerful first-line treatment anti-TB drugs.…”

“…The advent of HIV/AIDS contributed to these substantially. 1 Epidemiological studies for MDR-TB is important to optimize drug therapy and prevent the dissemination of resistant strains in the community. With this background the present study was undertaken with the following objectives:…”

First Insight Into the Fluoroquinolone and Aminoglycoside Resistance of Multidrug-Resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Saudi Arabia

“…The drug resistance pattern showed a higher rate of panresistant isolates (50.6%) which is very high compared with previous large-scale studies and an indicative factor of XDR-TB emergence. [28][29][30] Mutation analysis of RIF resistance showed a domination of rpoB codon 531 (77.1%) followed by codon 526 (13.2%). This finding distinctly reflects the conclusions of one of our recent nationwide study and other reports which showed high rate of mutation in codon 531 as the main cause of RIF resistance in Saudi Arabia.…”