Drug-related problems in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with dyslipidemia

Abstract

BackgroundDrug-Related Problems (DRPs) commonly occur among type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients. However, few studies have been performed on T2DM patients with dyslipidemia. This purpose of this study was to assess drug-related problems (DRPs) and factors associated with its occurrence.MethodsThe retrospective study involved 208 T2DM in-patients and out-patients with dyslipidemia, and was conducted at a tertiary hospital in Malaysia from January 2009 to December 2011. The identification and assessment of DRPs were based on the Pharmaceutical Care Network Europe (PCNE) tool version 5.01. The potentially inappropriate medication use in older adults was assessed based on the American Geriatrics Society updated Beers Criteria.ResultsA total of 406 DRPs were identified. Among these patients, 91.8% had at least one DRP, averaging 1.94 ± 1.10 problems per patient. The majority of T2DM patients with dyslipidemia (91.8%) had at least one DRP. The most frequent types of DRP were potential drug-drug interaction (18.0%), drug not taken or administered (14.3%) and insufficient awareness of health and diseases (11.8%). Anti-hypertensive, lipid-modifying and anti-diabetic agents were the drug classes that were most likely to be associated with DRPs. Male gender, renal impairment, polypharmacy and poor lipid control were factors that were significantly associated with DRP in diabetic dyslipidemia patients.ConclusionEarly identification of DRPs and factors associated with them are essential to prevent and resolve DRPs in T2DM patients with dyslipidemia.

Drug-related problems in patients with erectile dysfunctions and multiple comorbidities

“…However, T2DM was commonly accompanied by other comorbidities that lead to management complexity 66. A recent study showed that at least one DRP had occurred in 91.8% of T2DM patients with hyperlipi-demia, while another study found 90.5% of T2DM patients with hypertension had at least one DRP 34,35. The inconsistent result in our study might be due to DRPs being observed from different disease perspectives.…”

“…A study of DRPs in T2DM patients with hypertension found 90.5% of 200 patients had at least one DRP with an average of 1.9±1.2 problems per patient 34. Another study investigated DRPs in T2DM patients with hyperlipidemia and found 91.8% of 208 patients had at least one DRP with an average of 1.94±1.10 problems per patient 35. Since DRPs in our study were only identified from the perspective of ED, higher incidences of DRPs are expected when DRP detection involves a wider perspective of different comorbidities.…”

Exposure to potentially inappropriate medications in Brazilian elderly outpatients with metabolic diseases

“…Polypharmacy, renal impairment and poor lipid control have been shown to be associated with drug-related problems in diabetic and dyslipidemic patients (Zaman Huri, Chai Ling, 2013), suggesting that elderly patients with metabolic diseases may be more exposed to PIMs.…”

“…Patients with metabolic diseases are treated with antihypertensive, lipid-modifying and anti-diabetic drugs that can cause drug-drug interactions and other drug-related problems. Therefore, management of pharmacotherapy in elderly with metabolic diseases is challenging due to the potential drug-related problems, which increases the risk for adverse events (Zaman Huri, Chai Ling, 2013). Treatment of hypertension with methyldopa and clonidin, for example, and stimulators of insulin production, such as chlorpropamide and glibenclamide, may cause bradycardia, orthostatic hypotension and hypoglycemia, increasing the risk of falls in elderly.…”

Diabetes Patients Perceptions on Drugs Consultation Program by Pharmacists

“…3 Drug consultations conducted for patients with chronic diseases T2DM are useful to increase adherence to medication, enhance drug safety, and optimize health outcomes. 4 …”