Drug Leaching Properties of Vancomycin Loaded Mesoporous Hydroxyapatite as Bone Substitutes

Abstract

Infections after bone reconstructive surgery become an authentic therapeutic and economic issue when it comes to a modern health care system. In general; infected bone defects are regarded as contraindications for bone grafting. Since the pathogens develop a biofilm on the inner surface of the bone; local delivery of antibiotics becomes more important. The present work focuses on the synthesis of Mesoporous Hydroxyapatite (MPHAP) loaded with drug Vancomycin (Van) and to investigate its loading and leaching ability in phosphate buffer solution (PBS), to be used for post-operative infections. The effect of pore size on MPHAP was analyzed using different fatty acids as organic modifiers. The impacts of various fatty acids chain length on the morphology and pore size were studied. A simple impregnation technique with optimized conditions ensured a high antibiotic loading (up to 0.476 + 0.0135 mg/mL), with a complete in vitro release obtained within 50 h.

Mesoporous Iron(III)-Doped Hydroxyapatite Nanopowders Obtained via Iron Oxalate

“…Mesoporous HA powders were synthesized by different routes, for example hydrothermal [ 5 , 6 ], sol-gel [ 7 ], template-based [ 8 ], mechanochemical processes [ 9 ], self-assembly including based on pore expander approaches [ 10 , 11 ]. To obtain a highly dispersed HA, one of the most widely used simple and low-cost methods is the precipitation from aqueous solutions containing Ca 2+ and PO 4 3− ions [ 12 ]. Typical precursors are calcium nitrate and di-substituted ammonium hydrogen phosphate [ 13 ]; ammonia is used to maintain a constant pH value.…”

Synthesis of Calcium Orthophosphates by Chemical Precipitation in Aqueous Solutions: The Effect of the Acidity, Ca/P Molar Ratio, and Temperature on the Phase Composition and Solubility of Precipitates

“…Calcium orthophosphates are of particular interest among the other phosphorus inorganic compounds because calcium orthophosphates are the mineral basis of the bone tissues and that is why they are thought of as promising biomaterials with perfect biocompatibility. They are used in regenerative medicine, orthopedics, conservative dentistry, dental surgery, for example, as coatings of dental implants, dental cement, bone filler materials for the cavity's reconstruction in maxillofacial surgery [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8]. Questions of the calcium orthophosphates synthesis and dissolution are under an intensive study by researchers in various fields of science and according to data from Dorozhkin [1], as of today, the total number of publications concerning calcium orthophosphates has increased to 45 thousand with an annual increase of approximately 2 thousand.…”

Antibacterial Poly(ε-CL)/Hydroxyapatite Electrospun Fibers Reinforced by Poly(ε-CL)-b-poly(ethylene phosphoric acid)

“…Partially substituted hydroxyapatite (HAp) is a base of the main mineral component of bone [6][7][8], which is why materials based on synthetic HAp and other calcium phosphates with given morphologies are highly prospective [9][10][11][12][13], especially in view of the osteoinductive effect of both Ca 2+ and PO 4 3− ions [14]. A large number of publications reported good results in the use of synthetic HAp impregnated with antibiotics against pathogens which are the causative agents of os-teomyelitis [15][16][17][18][19][20][21]. However, 'pure HAp'-based materials have a number of shortcomings, in particular, excessive hardness and brittleness [22].…”

“…which are the causative agents of osteomyelitis [15][16][17][18][19][20][21]. However, 'pure HAp'-based materials have a number of shortcomings, in particular, excessive hardness and brittleness [22].…”