Drug-Induced Taste and Smell Alterations

Abstract

Taste and/or smell abnormalities are common, sometimes unexpected and often persistent complaints of patients during pharmacological treatments. Physicians should be aware of the impact of these ADRs on patients' quality of life.

Dysosmia and dysgeusia associated with duloxetine

“…3–5 Thus, the true incidence of drug-induced taste and smell disorder may possibly be underestimated. Available evidence from two reviews 3 4 and a report of an Italian database 5 indicates that calcium channel blockers (amlodipine, nifedipine, diltiazem), doxazosin, ACE inhibitors (enalapril, ramipril), enalapril maleate-felodipine, enalapril maleate-hydrochlorothiazide, tocainide, amiodarone, statins (lovastatin, atorvastatin), fluoroquinolones (moxifloxacin, levofloxacin), macrolides (clarithromycin, azithromycin, roxithromycin), amoxicillin/clavulanate, terbinafine, beclomethasone and methotrexate impair the sense of both smell and taste. We specifically searched the PubMed database for literature published in English and Japanese until July 2017 to identify eligible articles that simultaneously met the Medical Subject Headings terms ‘duloxetine hydrochloride’ and ‘olfaction disorders’ or ‘taste disorders’, but we could not find any article.…”

“…The specific mechanisms of drug-induced taste and smell disorders elicited by duloxetine and by the other drugs remain unknown. Moreover, the possible drug interactions with duloxetine related to concomitant taste and/or smell dysfunction, particularly ongoing amlodipine 6 and lansoprazole 5 which were prescribed before and after admission for this patient and, which have been associated with the above side effects, could not be excluded. Two possible hypotheses were proposed by Tuccori et al 5 as a mechanism of drug-induced taste and/or smell alternations.…”

“…Moreover, the possible drug interactions with duloxetine related to concomitant taste and/or smell dysfunction, particularly ongoing amlodipine 6 and lansoprazole 5 which were prescribed before and after admission for this patient and, which have been associated with the above side effects, could not be excluded. Two possible hypotheses were proposed by Tuccori et al 5 as a mechanism of drug-induced taste and/or smell alternations. The primary mechanisms resulted from a direct action of the drug; drug–receptor interaction, disturbance of action potential propagation in cell membranes, alteration of the neurotransmitter function and changes in connections between neural networks in brain regions associated with sensory coding and modulation.…”

İlaçların Neden Olduğu Tat ve Koku Alma Bozuklukları

“…Bu durum temel olarak belirtilerin kişilerin yapısından ve hastalığının tanımına, genellikle kafa karıştırıcı ve yanıltıcı olan açıklamasına bağlı olmasından kaynaklanmaktadır. [1] İlaçların neden olduğu tat ve/veya koku bozukluklarına ait olan mekanizmalar iki grupta sınıflandırılabilir: [22] İlaçların neden olduğu tat bozukluklarından en yaygın görüleni olan disguzi, tuzlu tadı algılayan iyon kanallarını içeren tat alıcılarının veya nöronların işlevsizliği veya siklik nükleosid ve inositol trifosfat içeren ikinci habercil sisteminin değişmesi nedeniyle oluşur. Bu durum dilde kalıcı metalik bir tada neden olur.…”

Causality Assessment of Olfactory and Gustatory Dysfunction Associated with Intranasal Fluticasone Propionate: Application of the Bradford Hill Criteria

“…Hundreds of prescription-only and over the counter (OTC) medicines are associated with smell and taste dysfunction [ 16 ]. For the majority of drugs, specific mechanisms leading to the occurrence of smell and taste alterations remain unknown [ 17 ]. Proposed theoretical mechanisms include primary effects of the offending drugs and secondary or collateral effects.…”