Drug Globalization: Eventual Legalization of Beer in Iceland and Marihuana Decriminalization in the USA

Gunnlaugsson, Helgi; Galliher, John F.

doi:10.1080/14043858.2010.523553

Cited by 8 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Furthermore, women tend to prefer wine to spirits . The legalization of beer in 1989 has removed the stigma of beer drinking as an illegal activity which, along with pricing policy, has succeeded in pushing the consumption pattern from spirits towards wine and beer . This change may have contributed to more equal consumption by the sexes, as indicated in a report from the European School Survey Project on Alcohol and Other Drugs (ESPAD) in 2007 concerning substance use among students in Europe.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The use of illegal drugs, as indicated by the volumes confiscated by Icelandic authorities, in particular cannabis, amphetamine and cocaine, increased during the study period . Furthermore, the number of drug‐related offences in criminal courts has escalated in the past decades, and the proportion of the Icelandic prison population serving time for drug‐related offences is similar to that of alcohol sellers and beer‐brewers during the prohibition years .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The consumption pattern of legal and illegal substances in Iceland has changed radically over the last century. The total prohibition of all alcohol beverages was introduced in Iceland in 1915 . Due to commercial interests, wine and spirits were reintroduced in 1933.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…During our study period, 1983–2007, alcohol consumption rose from 4.4 to 7.5 litres . During this period, the availability of alcohol increased greatly with both the number of sales outlets and the number of restaurants with alcohol licences . Furthermore, beer stronger than 2.25%, which had been banned since 1915, was reintroduced in 1989.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The changing gender gap in substance use disorder: a total population‐based study of psychiatric in‐patients

et al. 2012

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There has been a marked convergence of the gender gap in discharge diagnosis of alcohol use disorder among psychiatric in-patients in Iceland over the last decades. For other substance use disorders, the change was not as pronounced. Our results emphasize the importance of monitoring changes in substance use disorder diagnosis as this may uncover different treatment needs in this group of vulnerable individuals.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The changing gender gap in substance use disorder: a total population‐based study of psychiatric in‐patients

et al. 2012

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“…Meginstefin í uppslaettinum hafa iðulega snúist um aukna neyslu ungmenna, stórfellda haldlagningu fíkniefna, fjöldahandtökur fyrir smygl og dreifingu og 397 Fíkniefni, íslenskt samfélag og nýir kostir í stefnumótun Helgi Gunnlaugsson STJÓRNMÁL & STJÓRNSÝSLA lengri fangelsisrefsingar (sjá t.d. Gunnlaugsson og Galliher, 2010). Yfirlýsing um stigvaxandi vanda er því gamalkunnug og virðist aetíð haegt að staðfesta slíkt með dramatískum daemum.…”

Section: Inngangurunclassified

Fíkniefni, íslenskt samfélag og nýir kostir í stefnumótun

Gunnlaugsson¹

2013

irpa

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Fíkniefni, íslenskt samfélag og nýir kostir í stefnumótun Helgi Gunnlaugsson, prófessor við Félags-og mannvísindadeild Háskóla Íslands ÚtdrátturFíkniefnavandinn er af mörgum álitinn einn helsti vandi sem vestraen ríki glíma við í dag. Viðhorfsmaelingar á Íslandi sýna að flestir telja neyslu fíkniefna alvarlegasta vandamál afbrota en samneyslu áfengis og fíkniefna mikilvaegustu ástaeðu þess að sumir leiðast út í afbrot. Neysla algengasta fíkniefnisins, kannabis, hefur reglulega verið maeld meðal grunnskólabarna hér á landi en neysla fullorðinna hefur minna verið könnuð. Lítið er því vitað um hvernig neysla sem hefst í grunnskóla þróast þegar kemur fram á fullorðinsár, hvort hún aukist, standi í stað eða minnki. Ekki er heldur mikið vitað um félagsleg einkenni þeirra sem misnota hörð fíkniefni á Íslandi. Í greininni er útbreiðsla kannabis skoðuð eins og hún er meðal fullorðinna á Íslandi. Hversu margir hafa prófað efnið á lífsleiðinni, hversu margir hafa neytt þess oftar en tíu sinnum og hversu margir á síðustu sex mánuðum fyrir maelinguna? Staða sprautufíkla er sérstaklega greind og hvaða félagslegu áhaettuþaettir koma þar við sögu. Mat almennings á alvarleika brota er kannað og ástaeður þess að fólk leiðist út í afbrot eru einnig kannaðar. Helstu niðurstöður eru þaer að heildarfjöldi þeirra sem einhvern tíma hefur prófað kannabis hefur aukist á síðustu árum en fjöldi þeirra sem nota efnið reglulega er óverulegur. Sprautufíklar standa margir hverjir höllum faeti í samfélaginu og eiga við margvíslegan vanda að stríða. Brýnt er að stefnumótun í fíkniefnamálum taki mið af ólíkum hliðum neyslunnar í samfélaginu um leið og úrraeði fyrir langt leidda fíkla verði efld í félags-og heilbrigðiskerfinu.

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Decriminalization and Legalization

Roberts¹

2014

The Encyclopedia of Theoretical Criminology

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Drug Globalization: Eventual Legalization of Beer in Iceland and Marihuana Decriminalization in the USA

Cited by 8 publications

References 6 publications

The changing gender gap in substance use disorder: a total population‐based study of psychiatric in‐patients

The changing gender gap in substance use disorder: a total population‐based study of psychiatric in‐patients

Fíkniefni, íslenskt samfélag og nýir kostir í stefnumótun

Decriminalization and Legalization

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